Using native epiphytic ferns to estimate the atmospheric mercury levels in a small-scale gold mining area of West Java, Indonesia

Kono, Yuriko; Rahajoe, Joeni Setijo; Hidayati, Nuril; Kodamatani, Hitoshi; Tomiyasu, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.04.027

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Also the result in this study reconfirmed the well-known fact that fern accumulates heavy metals [e.g., 23 and 24]. A study on ASGM in Indonesia also pointed that fern was useful to monitor the ambient air [25]. Further investigation is necessary to understand the metabolism of fern and to find more different species which can be suitable indicators for the mercury pollution of water, soil and sediments in the ASGM areas.…”

Section: F Mercury In Sediments and Tailingssupporting

confidence: 82%

Mercury Distribution in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Area: A Case Study of Hot Spots in Camarines Norte, Philippines

Murao¹,

Tomiyasu²,

Ono³

et al. 2019

IJESD

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Distribution of mercury inside/outside of rod-mill stations in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) area was studied in Camarines Norte, Philippines. Plants, soil, sediments, tailings and artifacts were checked as well as air quality. Plants grown inside rod-mill station have higher values of mercury than those found outside. This suggests that rod-mill station is a source of mercury contamination. However mercury distribution is not homogenous even inside one rod-mill station. For example the artifacts of high mercury concentration was found just above or very close to furnace. This observation implies that mercury ascends to the air quickly from furnace when amalgam is heated. Outside of rod-mill stations, even at points far away from ASGM, mercury in sediments and soil is sometimes high in concentration. This fact implies that there are several mechanism for mercury contamination. The primary mechanism seems to be the rapid upward diffusion from furnace through chimney to sky, but other slower ways are possible such as accumulation through water circulation and food chain. The first countermeasure against mercury contamination should be the control of aerial dispersion of mercury but attention should also be paid to the slower dissemination of mercury on surface and underground.

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Section: F Mercury In Sediments and Tailingssupporting

confidence: 82%

Mercury Distribution in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Area: A Case Study of Hot Spots in Camarines Norte, Philippines

Murao¹,

Tomiyasu²,

Ono³

et al. 2019

IJESD

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“…The amount of mercury dumped with tailings into the river by the local miners was estimated to be approximately 2 kg h −1 in the daytime [16], which leads one to believe that 10-20 tonnes/a of mercury has been released and emitted into the region where the artisanal miners are active. Contamination of the river water, sediments [17][18][19][20][21] and atmosphere [22,23] around this area has been reported.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of total and organic mercury in soils around an artisanal and small-scale gold mining area in West Java, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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This study was conducted to understand the environmental behavior of mercury released by artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activities. For this purpose, we attempted to assess the effect of diffused mercury on mercury concentrations in soil, demonstrate the presence of methylmercury in soil affected by the deposited mercury and determine the reactions associated with methylmercury production. The vertical profiles of mercury were obtained from two sites in the forest of the ASGM village in Pongkor (West Java, Indonesia) and from two sites in Mount Halimun-Salak National Park, which is approximately 12 km from the ASGM village. The highest total mercury concentration, 8.9 mg kg −1 , was observed for soil samples collected at the ASGM village. The mercury was concentrated at the surface or in the subsurface layers, and the concentrations were several times to more than ten times higher than the lowest values observed in the deeper layers at each site. Even in the national park, the highest concentration of 1.9 mg kg −1 was observed in the upper soil layer. These results suggest that the primary source of mercury in the forest soil is atmospheric deposition; fallen plant leaves also deliver accumulated mercury to the soil surface. The organic mercury percentages of the total mercury were 0.2 ± 0.1% for the national park and 0.3 ± 0.2% for ASGM sites. The vertical variation in organic mercury concentration did not always match that in total mercury concentration, which suggested that the formation of methylmercury in soil was closely related to the decomposition of organic matter near the surface. The soil surface is an important reaction field for methylmercury production in forested areas.

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“…Colombia is one of the countries with the highest per capita Hg pollution in the world as a result of gold mining, with annual Hg emissions as high as 150 tonnes/year (Cordy et al, 2011). As a result of this intense mining activity, many Colombian natural ecosystems, mainly freshwater sources, have been J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f contaminated, registering serious pollution problems (Marrugo-Negrete et al, 2010, 2013Kono et al, 2012;Gracia et al, 2010;Salazar-Camacho et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury species in fish from a tropical river highly impacted by gold mining at the Colombian Pacific region

et al. 2021

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Using native epiphytic ferns to estimate the atmospheric mercury levels in a small-scale gold mining area of West Java, Indonesia

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Mercury Distribution in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Area: A Case Study of Hot Spots in Camarines Norte, Philippines

Mercury Distribution in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Area: A Case Study of Hot Spots in Camarines Norte, Philippines

Distribution of total and organic mercury in soils around an artisanal and small-scale gold mining area in West Java, Indonesia

Mercury species in fish from a tropical river highly impacted by gold mining at the Colombian Pacific region

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