Using factor analysis to validate the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale in sample of science, technology, engineering and mathematics doctoral students

Simon, Marsha; Choi, Youn-Jeng

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.039

Cited by 35 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Two other studies were also allocated an indeterminate rating for content validity. Simon and Choi (2018) and Brauer and Wolf's (2016) studies provided brief measurement aims, explanations for the constructs of interest and little to no justification for the target populations sampled.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impostor Phenomenon Measurement Scales: A Systematic Review

2019

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The impostor phenomenon is a pervasive psychological experience of perceived intellectual and professional fraudulence. It is not a diagnosable condition yet observed in clinical and normal populations. Increasingly, impostorism research has expanded beyond clinical and into applied settings. However, to date, a systematic review examining the methodological quality of impostorism measures used to conduct such research has yet to be carried out. This systematic review examines trait impostor phenomenon measures and evaluates their psychometric properties against a quality assessment framework. Systematic searches were carried out on six electronic databases, seeking original empirical studies examining the conceptualization, development, or validation of self-report impostor phenomenon scales. A subsequent review of reference lists also included two full-text dissertations. Predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified to select the final 18 studies in the review sample. Of the studies included, four measures of the impostor phenomenon were identified and their psychometric properties assessed against the quality appraisal tool—Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, Harvey Impostor Scale, Perceived Fraudulence Scale, and Leary Impostor Scale. The findings often highlighted that studies did not necessarily report poor psychometric properties; rather an absence of data and stringent assessment criteria resulted in lower methodological ratings. Recommendations for future research are made to address the conceptual clarification of the construct's dimensionality, to improve future study quality and to enable better discrimination between measures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impostor Phenomenon Measurement Scales: A Systematic Review

2019

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“…Correlation of responses to individual instrument items with the total score has been used as a measure of instrument and item validity and to assess the predictive potential of each item, but can vary depending on the demographics of the study population [32][33][34][35][36]. In this study, ratings of 18 of the 20 items on the CIPS had moderate-to-strong correlation with total CIPS score (Spearman's r = 0.40-0.80) (Tab.…”

Section: Correlation Of Cips Items With the Cips Total Score In Medicmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Another study in undergraduates indicated clustering of CIPS items into four subgroups: fake, luck, discount, and a fourth consisting of item 1, which concerns having succeeded at a task when one was afraid of failure [35]. In contrast, a study in doctoral students in science, technology, engineering, and math fields found a single factor model of impostorism to be most parsimonious [36]. Although the existence of subcategories of impostorism within the CIPS is debatable and may vary depending on the study population, these studies raise the question of whether individual impostors manifest all aspects of impostorism equally, or if certain impostors predominantly express, or do not express, certain impostor beliefs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impostorism in third-year medical students: an item analysis using the Clance impostor phenomenon scale

Levant¹,

Villwock²,

Manzardo

2020

Perspect Med Educ

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Introduction Impostorism, feelings of distrust in one's abilities and accomplishments despite evidence to the contrary, is frequent in medical students and negatively affects student wellness. Methods The aspects of impostorism that were most prevalent in medical students during the transition from the preclinical to clinical phases of their training were assessed using an anonymous, voluntary 60item survey that included the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) and a 2-item burnout assessment administered in October-November 2018. Ratings of individual CIPS items were compared between items for the entire sample and in subpopulations of students. The correlation of individual CIPS items with CIPS total score was also determined. Results A total of 127 of 215 (59%) surveyed students responded, with 112 completing the CIPS with mean score of 63.0 ± 14.6 (moderate-to-frequent impostor feelings). Ratings of individual CIPS items differed significantly between items. Responses also differed depending on gender and perceived burnout or depersonalization.

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“…The first component had an eigenvalue of 8.328 and explained 41.64% of the total variance. A one-factor model was therefore used, following the example of Simon and Choi (2018), who performed a CFA on the CIPS and concluded that a one-factor model was indeed the most appropriate. In respect of the AAA-S, only one factor was found.…”

Section: Construct Reliability and Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Imposter Phenomenon on Measures of Assertiveness in Female Professionals in South Africa

Nakazwe-Masiya¹,

Price²,

Hofmeyr³

2018

AJER

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Assertiveness is arguably one of the strongest predictors of success among business leaders and professionals. The study focuses on imposter phenomenon (IP), which occurs when an individual, normally considered to be a high achiever, undergoes an internal experience of feeling like an intellectual fraud or experiences a fear of failure upon achieving success, and the relationship of IP with assertiveness. Due to an absence of research on the relationship between IP and assertiveness, particularly in professionals in South Africa, this study investigates the way these two variables relate to each other. The purpose of this study is to 1) investigate whether IP is prevalent in female professionals in South Africa, 2) investigate whether IP and assertiveness are correlated and 3) determine whether IP is a predictor of assertiveness. The study was conducted on working professionals in South Africa (N = 165) and questionnaires were distributed online. The instruments used were the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Survey and elements of the Adaptive and Aggressive Assertiveness Scales. The professionals assessed were drawn from different industry sectors and across all job functions. The results suggest that IP is prevalent in professionals in South Africa and bears a moderately negative relationship to assertiveness. Another finding was that IP is a negative predictor of assertiveness. Gender also had an effect on the relationship between the two variables; the relationship was only found to be significant among women when the sample was split.

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Using factor analysis to validate the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale in sample of science, technology, engineering and mathematics doctoral students

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Impostor Phenomenon Measurement Scales: A Systematic Review

Impostor Phenomenon Measurement Scales: A Systematic Review

Impostorism in third-year medical students: an item analysis using the Clance impostor phenomenon scale

Effects of the Imposter Phenomenon on Measures of Assertiveness in Female Professionals in South Africa

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