Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and Pulsed Dye Laser for Photodynamic Treatment of Oral Leukoplakia

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid and pulsed dye laser could be used to achieve regression of oral leukoplakia. The treatment is safe and well tolerated. An application time of 1.5 hours and laser radiant exposure of 8 J/cm(2) with 1.5-ms pulse time were found to be the optimal settings in this study. The high-power laser used in this study allows completion of laser therapy within 1 to 3 minutes. Further studies are necessary to determine the optimal laser radiant exposure and drug application to maximize the response rate.

Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the management of oral premalignant lesions. A systematic review

“…Twenty-three studies, which did not fulfill the eligibility criteria, were excluded (Appendix A). In total, 13 studies [9,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] were included and processed for data extraction. The pattern of the present study was customized to mainly summarize the relevant information.…”

“…The total number of subjects ranged between 5 patients and 147 individuals. Seven studies [9,15,16,[20][21][22][23] reported the mean age of study participants, which was between 51 years and 62.2 years (age range 30-98 years). Nine studies [9,15,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23] reported the gender of subjects, in which the number of female participants ranged between 0 and 65 individuals.…”

“…Diode lasers, light emitting diode (LED) and dye lasers were used in four [19][20][21][22], four [15,16,22,23] and six [9,17,18,[24][25][26] studies, respectively. In the studies using dye laser [9,17,18,[24][25][26], pulsed dye laser, pumped dye laser and argon pumped dye laser was used in, one [9], one [26] and four [17,18,24,25] studies, respectively.…”

“…In the studies using dye laser [9,17,18,[24][25][26], pulsed dye laser, pumped dye laser and argon pumped dye laser was used in, one [9], one [26] and four [17,18,24,25] studies, respectively. In all studies [9,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], lasers with wavelength, energy fluence and power density ranging between 585 and 660 nanometers (nm), 6 and 200 joules per square centimeters (J/cm 2 ) and 100 and 150 milliwatts per square centimeters (mW/cm 2 ), respectively were used (Table 2). Laser power output was reported by two studies [19,25], which were 300 mW (milliwatts) and 800 mW, respectively.…”

“…Non-surgical management strategies (such as topical application of drugs) for the management of pre-malignant lesions may be successful in the short-term as high recurrence rates have been reported with this form of treatment [7,8]. Moreover, it has also been reported that surgical treatment of oral precancerous lesions increases morbidity and formation of scar tissue [9].…”