Use of an automated chromium reduction system for hydrogen isotope ratio analysis of physiological fluids applied to doubly labeled water analysis

Schoeller, Dale A.; Colligan, Amanda S.; Shriver, Timothy C.; Avak, H.; Bartok-Olson, Cynthia

doi:10.1002/1096-9888(200009)35:9<1128::aid-jms41>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Saliva samples were collected before dosing, as well as at 3 and 4 hours after dosing. 2 H level in the saliva samples was measured by gas-isotope-ratio mass spectrometry 7,8 . Deuterium dilution space was calculated from the average of two post-dose saliva samples by the plateau method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Evaluation of the impact of a nutritional program for undernourished children in Brazil

et al. 2005

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To assess the effectiveness on child growth and body composition of a supplementary feeding program (Milk Supplement Program), a prospective, controlled study was conducted in Northeast Brazil. When entering the Program, children from 10 municipalities with the highest coverage rates in the Program (intervention group) were compared to non-beneficiary children from 10 municipalities with the lowest coverage rates (control group). A total of 219 children aged 6-18 months were enrolled. At entry, both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, and nutritional status. There were frequent gaps in delivery of the supplement, no extra milk was provided to siblings less than 5 years of age, intra-household redistribution of milk was high, and maternal compliance with recommendations was low. Adjusted analyses by multilevel modelling showed average changes in weight, length, weight-age and length-age Z-scores, and % body water (deuterium method), at 6 months, of 1.53kg, 6.34cm, 0.33, 0.05, and 1.11% respectively among supplemented children as compared to 1.54kg, 6.5cm, 0.26, 0.07, and 4.10% among controls, with no statistically significant difference between groups. Thus, the Program failed to compensate for nutritional deficiencies in undernourished children in Northeast Brazil.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Evaluation of the impact of a nutritional program for undernourished children in Brazil

et al. 2005

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“…Abundances of H 2 18 O and 2 H 2 O in dilutions of the isotope doses and in urine specimens were measured in duplicate using isotope ratio mass spectrometry [36] and deuterium was prepared for analysis using an automated chromium reduction system [37]. The urine samples were analyzed at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center (Baton Rouge, LA).…”

Section: Total Energy Expenditure (Tee)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long - Term Effects of Energy-Restricted Diets Differing in Glycemic Load on Metabolic Adaptation and Body Composition*

Das¹,

Gilhooly²,

Golden³

et al. 2008

TONUTRJ

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A randomized controlled trial of high glycemic load (HG) and low glycemic load (LG) diets with food provided for 6 months and self-administered for 6 additional months at 30% caloric restriction (CR) was performed in 29 overweight adults (mean±SD, age 35±5y; BMI 27.5±1.5 kg/ m 2 ). Total energy expenditure (TEE), resting metabolic rate (RMR), fat and fat free mass (FFM), were measured at 3, 6 and 12 months. Changes in TEE, but not changes in RMR, were greater than accounted for by the loss of FFM and fat mass (P=0.001-0.013) suggesting an adaptive response to long-term CR. There was no significant effect of diet group on change in RMR or TEE. However, in subjects who lost >5% body weight (n=26), the LG diet group had a higher percentage of weight loss as fat than the HG group (p<0.05), a finding that may have implications for dietary recommendations during weight reduction.

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“…Isotope ratio mass spectrometers are generally priced in excess of several hundred thousand dollars (US), but price reductions may be possible in the future if manufactures can redesign the instrumentation with the goal of developing specific task instruments. Recent improvements in design, particularly of on-line water analysis systems, have dramatically improved sample throughput from several samples per hour to a sample every 10 minutes 26 . It has generally been observed that one to three years of experience is required to obtain optimal laboratory performance, although new technicians working in an existing laboratory can learn to use the modern instruments for routine analyses within weeks.…”

Section: Isotopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of habitual energy intake

Schoeller

2002

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To provide a framework for use of the doubly labelled water method to measure energy expenditure in order to validate dietary instruments for the assessment of energy. Design: Review and description of the use of doubly labelled water method for use as a biomarker for habitual energy intake. Results: The doubly labelled water method has a relative accuracy of 1% and withinsubject precision of 5 to 8%. Comparison of self-reported energy intake with energy expenditure demonstrated that over one-third of individuals may underreport energy intake by more than 25%. Conclusions: The doubly labelled water method, although expensive and dependent on non-routine laboratory instrumentation, is an excellent biomarker of energy intake. Keywords Energy metabolism Doubly labelled water Stable isotopes Nutritional epidemiologyThe assessment of dietary intake plays a vital role in many aspects of nutritional science and, not surprisingly, a variety of dietary assessment instruments have been developed; including weighed food records, diet histories, 24-hour recalls and food-frequency questionnaires, each with many variations to suit particular investigative situations 1 . As these survey instruments have been developed and modified, investigators have tested their validity. These have included measurements of repeatability and accuracy. The latter, however, have usually involved comparison with a second survey instrument that has a known history of use and an assumed level of accuracy. Thus, while the testing procedure provided estimates of precision, the accuracy was not absolute, but rather a relative accuracy that could not detect biases that might be inherent in both methods. Such biases could include errors in the methodology used to convert a food to its nutrient values or systematic reporting bias by the participant.There have, however, been a few attempts to validate accuracy using more objective measures of dietary intake. As reviewed by Bingham 2 , urinary nitrogen has been used as a biomarker to test the accuracy of self-reported protein intake for over 75 years. Although some dietary instruments, primarily diet histories, have demonstrated good agreement between reported protein intake and urinary nitrogen, most validations have demonstrated modest underreporting. Some validations, however, have reported large discrepancies, with the largest underreport found amongst obese women, who underreported their protein intake by 50% 3 . Other validations have been performed using direct observation as the criterion method for validating intake instruments. Krall and Dwyer 4 asked participants to complete 3-day diaries and a 1-week food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) during an in-patient period in which the food provided was monitored carefully and found that energy, macronutrients and vitamins A and C were underreported on the FFQ. Very recently, Schaefer et al. 5 had subjects complete an FFQ during trials in which participants were provided with high-or low-fat diets. The FFQ was found to underestimate fa...

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Use of an automated chromium reduction system for hydrogen isotope ratio analysis of physiological fluids applied to doubly labeled water analysis

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of the impact of a nutritional program for undernourished children in Brazil

Evaluation of the impact of a nutritional program for undernourished children in Brazil

Long - Term Effects of Energy-Restricted Diets Differing in Glycemic Load on Metabolic Adaptation and Body Composition*

Validation of habitual energy intake

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