Use of a pharmacy technician to facilitate postfracture care provided by clinical pharmacy specialists

Irwin, Adriane N.; Heilmann, Rachel M. F.; Gerrity, Theresa M; Kroner, Beverly A.; Olson, Kari L.

doi:10.2146/ajhp140195

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the ambulatory care setting, a technician may be able to serve in a similar capacity to increase the clinical pharmacist's available time to engage in direct patient care activities. When outlined in the clinical pharmacist's care plan, support personnel can also assist with scheduling and communicating referrals to other health care providers …”

Section: Recommendation 3: Incorporate Support Personnel Into Approprmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Support personnel can also collect information for population health initiatives. This includes using a set of criteria that tracks adherence to care standards, which subsequently helps identify high-risk patients who might benefit from pharmacy services, 33,43,73,74 and collecting designated laboratory data for pharmacist review. 48,72,74 Other population health initiatives include reviewing adherence data and quality measure performance.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Best practices: Incorporating pharmacy technicians and other support personnel into the clinical pharmacist's process of care

Borchert

Phillips

Bastin

et al. 2018

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Changes to the U.S. health care landscape have increased the focus on the quality and use of alternative payment models, with a growing focus on value. As health care costs continue to rise, clinical pharmacists will increasingly engage in roles to expand the breadth and depth of clinical services in providing comprehensive medication management (CMM) to improve patient outcomes. The roles of pharmacy technicians and other support personnel must evolve to meet the needs created by this practice change and allow pharmacists to focus their services on activities that use their expertise to improve medication outcomes. Support personnel, including pharmacy technicians, should be identified to assist with clinical pharmacy tasks on the basis of their skills. To ensure competence, support personnel should be adequately trained and (if applicable) certified. Moreover, support personnel should be optimally incorporated into appropriate components of the clinical pharmacist's process of care to expand the reach and depth of clinical pharmacy services. When supervised by the pharmacist or others as defined in state practice acts, support personnel may be able to assist in the clinical pharmacist's provision of CMM. Finally, research should be conducted and disseminated on the utility and outcomes achieved using support personnel in the clinical pharmacist's process of care.

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Section: Recommendation 3: Incorporate Support Personnel Into Approprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of the Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best practices: Incorporating pharmacy technicians and other support personnel into the clinical pharmacist's process of care

Borchert

Phillips

Bastin

et al. 2018

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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“…[30][31][32][33] Additionally, there is recent literature formally evaluating the impact of a pharmacy technician within a clinical pharmacy osteoporosis management service. 34 This literature, coupled with discussions within the profession that highlight the need for an expanded role of pharmacy technicians in the development of pharmacy practice 35 and reports that pharmacy technicians support an expanded role, 36 suggests that this is a likely area of expansion in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanded Roles for Pharmacy Technicians in the Medication Reconciliation Process: A Qualitative Review

2017

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A ccording to the Institute of Medicine, the average hospitalized patient experiences at least one medication error per day.1 It is further estimated that 67% of admitted patients have at least one error in their medication history, with 11% to 59% of those classified as clinically important.2 At a cost of $2,595 to $4,685 per adverse drug event (ADEs), the total costs attributable to ADEs have been estimated to exceed $5 million annually for a typical teaching hospital. 3Findings from these studies as well as others have led the health care community, professional organizations, and regulatory entities to demand more structured processes for comparing medication histories and resolving discrepancies during care transitions. [4][5][6] A key component to medication reconciliation is the creation of the best possible medication history (BPMH). The BPMH uses information gathered from the community pharmacy, medical record, structured ABSTRACT Background: Collection of a complete and accurate medication history is an essential component of the medication reconciliation process. The role of pharmacy technicians in supporting medication reconciliation has been the subject of recent interest. Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on pharmacy technician involvement in the medication reconciliation process and to summarize outcomes on the quality and accuracy of pharmacy technician-collected medication histories. Method: A literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and Academic Search Premier (1948( -April 2015. Results: Sixteen papers were identified, with 12 containing a formal evaluation of outcomes. Three were purely descriptive, and 9 compared the pharmacy technician's performance to pharmacists, nurses, physicians, and/or interdisciplinary teams. Studies used a variety of endpoints, but they demonstrated similar or improved outcomes by engaging pharmacy technicians. Evidence demonstrates that trained pharmacy technicians are able to gather medication histories with similar completeness and accuracy to other health care professionals. Conclusion:The use of pharmacy technicians may be a viable strategy for developing and expanding medication reconciliation processes with appropriate supervision. Future efforts should focus on evaluating the impact of expanded roles for pharmacy technicians in the health care system; assessing the need for standardization of pharmacy technician education, training, and certification; and obtaining clarification from state pharmacy boards regarding these expanded roles.

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“…Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE)-accredited online continuing education (CE) was delivered to pharmacists and technicians in 2 phases: (1) immunization updates (intervention and control groups) and (2) practical immunization enhancement strategies (intervention group only). The intervention CE incorporated marketing 17 and communication principles, 18,19 change management and innovation theories, 20,21 behavioral models, 1,22 and behavioral economics concepts 11,23-25 shown to positively affect and sustain immunization delivery over time. 10 Practical strategies for patient identification, communication, marketing, and program assessment were emphasized to improve pharmacists’ and technicians’ ability to incorporate immunization services into daily routines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Investigation of Community Pharmacy Immunization Enhancement Program Implementation

Huston

Hohmann

et al. 2019

Journal of Pharmacy Technology

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Background: Despite widely available nonseasonal immunization services in community pharmacies, actual pharmacist-administered vaccines are not yet optimal. A flexible choice multicomponent intervention, the “We Immunize” program, was implemented in Alabama and California community pharmacies, with the goal to enhance pneumococcal and zoster immunization delivery. Limited research has been done to qualitatively understand factors influencing immunization service expansion. Objective: Explore pharmacist perceptions of the We Immunize program in terms of its acceptability, impact, and real-world feasibility, and pharmacist-perceived facilitators and barriers influencing success in immunization delivery enhancement. Methods: This practice-focused qualitative research used semistructured telephone interviews with 14 pharmacists at the completion of the 6-month intervention. Results: Major program implementation facilitators were technician inclusion, workflow changes, training and feedback, goal setting, and enhanced personal selling and marketing activities. Multiple pharmacies increased the number of delivered pneumococcal and zoster immunizations, and increased revenue. Many pharmacists felt professional image, knowledge, skills, roles, and personal satisfaction were enhanced, as were technician knowledge, skills, and roles. Program flexibility, along with multiple perceived benefits, increases the potential for success. Conclusions: The We Immunize program appears to have been viewed positively by participating pharmacists and was seen as having a beneficial impact on immunization delivery in the community pharmacies in which it was implemented.

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Use of a pharmacy technician to facilitate postfracture care provided by clinical pharmacy specialists

Abstract: The study results suggest that a pharmacy technician can accurately determine if a patient is a candidate for pharmacist intervention and collect clinical information to facilitate care plan development.

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Best practices: Incorporating pharmacy technicians and other support personnel into the clinical pharmacist's process of care

Best practices: Incorporating pharmacy technicians and other support personnel into the clinical pharmacist's process of care

Expanded Roles for Pharmacy Technicians in the Medication Reconciliation Process: A Qualitative Review

Qualitative Investigation of Community Pharmacy Immunization Enhancement Program Implementation

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