Usability of arc types in industrial welding

Abstract

Arc behaviour is a significant factor in all arc welding processes. Understanding of arc types and their inherent properties can help enhance weld prediction and weld quality and reduce welding cost and production cycle time. Advanced welding processes utilize real-time control and prediction, increasing the need for detailed knowledge of arc characteristics and arc applications. This paper analyses the types of welding arcs used in the welding industry, explains corresponding features and characteristics, provides guidance for suitable applications, and presents arc type comparisons, benefits, and weaknesses. The study is based on a review of the literature, and it provides a comprehensive overview of arc phenomena. The results of this work show that in many applications, greater benefit accrues from spray and pulsed arcs than short and globular arc modes. Controlled short arc, heavy deposition rate arc, and controlled spray arc are enhanced arc processes offering significant improvements in efficiency and usability. This review can assist companies in making appropriate choices of arc and welding process for different materials and applications. Furthermore, it can be utilized as a basis for further research.

Time-Resolved Emission Spectroscopy Measurements during the Restrike Period in Arc Plasma Torch

“…However, the length of the arc and therefore also the distance of the measurement from the arc anode attachment change during the restrike period. It is known that temperature distribution in the arc column is generally such that the maximum temperature is in the region between the electrodes from which temperature decreases with approaching to electrodes [20][21][22]. For this torch, we do not have experimental data of this type, but according to numerical models, such dependence along the axis of the torch is also present [23,24].…”

A probabilistic model of weld penetration depth based on process parameters

“…Beside these, various predictive tools have been developed, such as mathematical models based on experimental results [1], artificial neural network (ANN) models [8], and numerical simulations [9]. Furthermore, many efforts have been carried out to highlight variables that affect weld penetration depth, such as shielding gas type [10,11], arc type [12], arc stability [13], gun angle [1], initial gap [14], welding current [15][16][17], arc voltage [15,18], and welding speed [15]. However, the limitation of having uncertainties in those welding parameters is not addressed.…”

Modeling of the Weld Bead Shape at Different Welding Parameters

“…According to previous researches [1][2][3][4][5] MIG process is highly nonlinear and the shape of line produced by it is affected by four parameters feed rate, travel speed, welding current and arc voltage. The relation between each parameter and the shape is not exactly identified but known approximately as proportionality [6] so modeling them is important for enhancing usages of the process.…”