Urbanization is associated with unique community simplification among birds in a neotropical landscape

Curtis, Jenna R.; Robinson, W. Douglas; Rompré, Ghislain; Austin, Suzanne H.

doi:10.1007/s10980-021-01344-1

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…species than those in the tropics. Although it be expected that cities at higher latitudes would contain a significantly higher proportion of their regional species due to tropical niche packing, historical evolutionary adaptation to fragmentation and degradation at higher latitudes, and increased dispersal ability of avian species at higher latitudes (Betts et al, 2019;Bregman et al, 2016;Curtis et al, 2022;Møller, 2009;Sheard et al, 2020), these latitudinal effects will also filter the species present in the regional pool and so potentially weaken any effect in our species richness analysis. The diversity of structure, history, geography, politics, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of a species to persist in a city may be mediated by both resource availability (Jokimäki et al, 2016;Shochat et al, 2006;Spotswood et al, 2021) and interspecific competition (Lees, 2018). Overall, urban communities tend to be simpler than their non-urban counterparts, with loss of species often occurring without an associated loss of functional or phylogenetic diversity (Curtis et al, 2022;Kurucz et al, 2021). Urban species tend to exhibit broader environmental tolerance and increased behavioural flexibility (Shochat et al, 2006;Sol et al, 2014), have smaller body sizes (La Sorte et al, 2018), and are often granivorous, feed terrestrially and nest arboreally (Pinho et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avian diversity and function across the world's most populous cities

et al. 2023

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Understanding the composition of urban wildlife communities is crucial to promote biodiversity, ecosystem function and links between nature and people. Using crowdsourced data from over five million eBird checklists, we examined the influence of urban characteristics on avian richness and function at 8443 sites within and across 137 global cities. Under half of the species from regional pools were recorded in cities, and we found a significant phylogenetic signal for urban tolerance. Site‐level avian richness was positively influenced by the extent of open forest, cultivation and wetlands and avian functional diversity by wetlands. Functional diversity co‐declined with richness, but groups including granivores and aquatic birds occurred even at species‐poor sites. Cities in arid areas held a higher percentage of regional species richness. Our results indicate commonalities in the influence of habitat on richness and function, as well as lower niche availability, and phylogenetic diversity across the world's cities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian diversity and function across the world's most populous cities

et al. 2023

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“…Cities might even supporting an unexpected diversity of birds (Pautasso et al, 2011). There are indications that urban forest patches can sustain simpli ed sets of resident birds (Curtis et al, 2022), especially when these greenspaces are inserted in an inhospitable urban matrix that will hinder the dispersal of bird species (MacArthur & Wilson, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where did they go? Understanding the effects of urbanization on bird diversity in a Brazilian coastal city

Penteado,

Barcelos,

Dario

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Urbanization is recognized as an important cause of biodiversity loss. Urban areas present reduced number of bird species if compared to non-urban more pristine areas nearby. The goal of this research is to help improving the diversity of birds in urban areas by investigating why an urban area in the coast of Brazil sustains a small fraction of the species that could occur in the region. We conducted observations during two years in Serra, Brazil, resulting in the identification of 27 bird species visiting a residential garden. Studies in the region have reported 275 species. We used GIS maps and aerial photos to analyse the landscape, then discussed that numeric discrepancy and the possible reasons for the reduced diversity, contrasting it to the resources available in that landscape. Recent urbanization is likely to be a major cause of the low diversity, but the study area has been subject of change from the original ombrophilous dense forest to agriculture and pasture before the consolidation of the current urban land uses. Albeit the landscape is highly fragmented, diverse landcover types have recovered in recent decades, creating a mosaic of small isolated patches of forest, mangrove and restinga, the three major ecosystems in the region. We expect that our findings create a foundation for further exploration of measures and policies for implementing greenspace within cities that help reverting the current status and improving the diversity of birds in tropical cities.

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“…Deforestation, forest fragmentation and land use change have the potential to impact the dynamics of these diseases (Gottdenker et al, 2014; Jones et al, 2013; Morand, 2022) being linked with increased outbreaks of zoonotic diseases worldwide (Chaves et al, 2018; Guégan et al, 2021; Morand & Lajaunie, 2021; Rulli et al, 2017). Human‐driven changes can decrease the habitat suitability for many species, leading to a simplification of fauna communities (Curtis et al, 2022; Vázquez‐Reyes et al, 2017), in a process known as biotic homogenization (McKinney & Lockwood, 1999). As a consequence, sensitive species are filtered out and replaced by disturbance‐adapted generalists, which are more likely to be disease hosts (Gibb et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting landscapes with a low zoonotic disease risk through forest restoration: The need for comprehensive guidelines

Prist

Andreazzi

Vidal

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Zoonotic diseases represent 75% of emerging infectious diseases worldwide, and their emergence is mainly attributed to human-driven changes in landscapes.Land use change, especially the conversion of natural areas to agricultural use, has the potential to impact hosts and vector dynamics, affecting pathogen transmission risk. While these links are becoming better understood, very few studies have investigated the opposite question-how native vegetation restoration affects zoonotic disease outbreaks.2. We reviewed the existing evidence linking native vegetation restoration with zoonotic transmission risk, identified knowledge gaps, and, by focusing on tropical areas, proposed forest restoration strategies that could help in limiting the spread of zoonotic diseases.3. We identified a large gap in information on the effects of native vegetation restoration on zoonotic diseases, especially within tropical regions. In addition, the few studies that exist do not consider environmental aspects that can affect the outcomes of restoration on disease risk, such as the land use history and landscape structural characteristics (as composition and configuration of native habitats).Our conceptual framework raises two important points: (1) the effects of forest restoration may depend on the context of the existing landscape, especially the percentage of native vegetation existing at the beginning of the restoration; and (2) these effects will also be dependent on the spatial arrangement of the restored area within the existing landscape. Furthermore, we propose important topics to be studied in the coming years to integrate zoonotic disease risk as a criterion in restoration planning.

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Urbanization is associated with unique community simplification among birds in a neotropical landscape

Cited by 7 publications

References 135 publications

Avian diversity and function across the world's most populous cities

Avian diversity and function across the world's most populous cities

Where did they go? Understanding the effects of urbanization on bird diversity in a Brazilian coastal city

Promoting landscapes with a low zoonotic disease risk through forest restoration: The need for comprehensive guidelines

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