Urbanisation-Induced Land Cover Temperature Dynamics for Sustainable Future Urban Heat Island Mitigation

MacLachlan, Andrew; Biggs, Eloise M.; Roberts, G.; Boruff, Bryan

doi:10.3390/urbansci1040038

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Air and surface temperatures are expected to further increase and the urban heat island (UHI) strength to be intensified, negatively influencing the sustainability and liveability of cities [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Cairo 20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

2018

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Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key parameter for the estimation of urban fluxes as well as for the assessment of the presence and strength of the surface urban heat island (SUHI). In an urban environment, LST depends on the way the city has been planned and developed over time. To this end, the estimation of LST needs adequate spatial and temporal data at the urban scale, especially with respect to land cover/land use. The present study is divided in two parts: at first, satellite data from MODIS-Terra 8-day product (MOD11A2) were used for the analysis of an eighteen-year time series (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017) of the LST spatial and temporal distribution in five major cities of the Mediterranean during the summer months. LST trends were retrieved and assessed for their statistical significance. Secondly, LST values and trends for each city were examined in relation to land cover characteristics and patterns in order to define the contribution of urban development and planning on LST; this information is important for the drafting of smart urbanization policies and measures. Results revealed (a) positive LST trends in the urban areas especially during nighttime ranging from +0.412 • K in Marseille to +0.923 • K in Cairo and (b) the SUHI has intensified during the last eighteen years especially during daytime in European Mediterranean cities, such as Rome (+0.332 • K) and Barcelona (+0.307 • K).Surface urban heat island (SUHI), in particular, describes the land surface temperature (LST) differences between urban areas and their surroundings, and it is usually studied with the use of remote sensing data. The formation of SUHI can be mainly attributed to the increased absorption and trapping of solar radiation in urban areas associated with limited release of heat due to the low values of the thermal emission coefficients of manmade materials. Anthropogenic heat release from transport and the heating-cooling systems of the buildings further exacerbate the phenomenon [18][19][20]. Both UHI and SUHI can be detected throughout the year, but they are of particular public policy concern during the summer, because higher surface and air temperatures are associated with increases in electricity demand for air conditioning, air pollution, and heat stress-related mortality and illness [21][22][23][24][25]. Several SUHI studies have been performed in the Mediterranean area, most of them revealing that higher UHI intensities are found in the summer period [13,[26][27][28][29][30].Land surface temperature is a controlling factor for most of the physical, chemical and biological processes on the earth, and can be considered as a measure of climate change [31][32][33][34]. For the urban environment, LST is an important parameter for the monitoring of the energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere in terms of the sensible and latent heat fluxes [35][36][37][38] which are important when discussing the thermal effects of the cities on th...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

2018

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“…On the other hand, the ability of cities to attract people is also obvious. Urban areas account for approximately 0.5% of the total land area in the world, but they accommodate more than half of the world's population [87]. Due to the complexity and uncertainty of the human activities during the urbanization process, it is very difficult to identify the urbanization effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impacts of Urbanization on Albedo in Jing-Jin-Ji Region of China

et al. 2018

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As an indicative parameter that represents the ability of the Earth's surface to reflect solar radiation, albedo determines the allocation of solar energy between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere, which plays an important role in both global and local climate change. Urbanization is a complicated progress that greatly affects urban albedo via land cover change, human heat, aerosol, and other human activities. Although many studies have been conducted to identify the effects of these various factors on albedo separately, there are few studies that have quantitatively determined the combined effects of urbanization on albedo. In this study, based on a partial derivative method, vegetation index data and nighttime light data were used to quantitatively calculate the natural climate change and human activities' contributions to albedo variations in the Jing-Jin-Ji region, during its highest population growth period from 2001 to 2011. The results show that (1) 2005 is the year when urbanization starts accelerating in the Jing-Jin-Ji region; (2) albedo trends are equal to 0.0065 year −1 before urbanization and 0.0012 year −1 after urbanization, which is a reduction of 4/5; and (3) the contribution rate of urbanization increases from 15% to 48.4%, which leads to a decrease in albedo of approximately 0.05. Understanding the contribution of urbanization to variations in urban albedo is significant for future studies on urban climate change via energy balance and can provide scientific data for energy conservation policymaking.

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“…Urbanization causes land cover changes, but the analysis of the urban heat island pattern should consider the heterogeneity of the new urban surfaces (materials and uses) and associated LST dynamics, as reported for Bangkok in [28]. Land cover changes from rural to urban affect the daytime and nighttime SUHI in different ways, depending on the rural category (grassland, cropland, shrub, forest) [50]. In the study cases, the rural surroundings exhibit a marked land cover variability with evident seasonal surface thermal changes.…”

Section: Yearly Trend Of Suhi Footprint and Magnitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Images and Gaussian Parameterization for an Extensive Analysis of Urban Heat Islands in Thailand

Keeratikasikorn

Bonafoni

2018

Remote Sensing

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For the first time, an extensive study of the surface urban heat island (SUHI) in Thailand's six major cities is reported, using 728 MODIS (MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) images for each city. The SUHI analysis was performed at three timescales-diurnal, seasonal, and multiyear. The diurnal variation is represented by the four MODIS passages (10:00, 14:00, 22:00, and 02:00 local time) and the seasonal variation by summer and winter maps, with images covering a 14-year interval (2003-2016). Also, 126 Landsat scenes were processed to classify and map land cover changes for each city. To analyze and compare the SUHI patterns, a least-square Gaussian fitting method has been applied and the corresponding empirical metrics quantified. Such an approach represents, when applicable, an efficient quantitative tool to perform comparisons that a visual inspection of a great number of maps would not allow. Results point out that SUHI does not show significant seasonality differences, while SUHI in the daytime is a more evident phenomenon with respect to nighttime, mainly due to solar forcing and intense human activities and traffic. Across the 14 years, the biggest city, Bangkok, shows the highest SUHI maximum intensities during daytime, with values ranging between 4 • C and 6 • C; during nighttime, the intensities are rather similar for all the six cities, between 1 • C and 2 • C. However, these maximum intensities are not correlated with the urban growth over the years. For each city, the SUHI spatial extension represented by the Gaussian footprint is generally not affected by the urban area sprawl across the years, except for Bangkok and Chiang Mai, whose daytime SUHI footprints show a slight increase over the years. Orientation angle and central location of the fitted surface also provide information on the SUHI layout in relation to the land use of the urban texture.

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Urbanisation-Induced Land Cover Temperature Dynamics for Sustainable Future Urban Heat Island Mitigation

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

Quantifying the Trends in Land Surface Temperature and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity in Mediterranean Cities in View of Smart Urbanization

Assessing the Impacts of Urbanization on Albedo in Jing-Jin-Ji Region of China

Satellite Images and Gaussian Parameterization for an Extensive Analysis of Urban Heat Islands in Thailand

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