Urban metapopulation dynamics, and evolution of dispersal traits in the weed Crepis sancta

Cheptou, Pierre‐Olivier; Dornier, Antoine

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199608898.003.0024

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This has been rarely achieved; the studies by Schtickzelle et al. () on the bog fritillary butterfly and by Cheptou and Dornier () on the plant C. sancta are two examples. Instead, most empirical studies have compared local populations inhabiting particular habitat patches in different landscapes rather than representative metapopulations from different landscapes with different degrees of fragmentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empirical studies on the ecological and evolutionary consequences of habitat fragmentation would be most informative if studies would be conducted by comparing representative samples of individuals originating from landscapes with dissimilar degree of fragmentation. This has been rarely achieved; the studies by Schtickzelle et al ( 2006 ) on the bog fritillary butterfly and by Cheptou and Dornier ( 2012 ) on the plant C. sancta are two examples. Instead, most empirical studies have compared local populations inhabiting particular habitat patches in different landscapes rather than representative metapopulations from different landscapes with different degrees of fragmentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life history of theGlanville fritillary butterfly in fragmented versus continuous landscapes

Duplouy

Ikonen²,

Hanski

2013

Ecology and Evolution

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Habitat loss and fragmentation threaten the long-term viability of innumerable species of plants and animals. At the same time, habitat fragmentation may impose strong natural selection and lead to evolution of life histories with possible consequences for demographic dynamics. The Baltic populations of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia) inhabit regions with highly fragmented habitat (networks of small dry meadows) as well as regions with extensive continuous habitat (calcareous alvar grasslands). Here, we report the results of common garden studies on butterflies originating from two highly fragmented landscapes (FL) in Finland and Sweden and from two continuous landscapes (CL) in Sweden and Estonia, conducted in a large outdoor cage (32 by 26 m) and in the laboratory. We investigated a comprehensive set of 51 life-history traits, including measures of larval growth and development, flight performance, and adult reproductive behavior. Seventeen of the 51 traits showed a significant difference between fragmented versus CL. Most notably, the growth rate of postdiapause larvae and several measures of flight capacity, including flight metabolic rate, were higher in butterflies from fragmented than CL. Females from CL had shorter intervals between consecutive egg clutches and somewhat higher life-time egg production, but shorter longevity, than females from FL. These results are likely to reflect the constant opportunities for oviposition in females living in continuous habitats, while the more dispersive females from FL allocate more resources to dispersal capacity at the cost of egg maturation rate. This study supports theoretical predictions about small population sizes and high rate of population turnover in fragmented habitats selecting for increased rate of dispersal, but the results also indicate that many other life-history traits apart from dispersal are affected by the degree of habitat fragmentation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history of theGlanville fritillary butterfly in fragmented versus continuous landscapes

Duplouy

Ikonen²,

Hanski

2013

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Suitable habitats for seedling establishment are very rare in the fragmented urban landscape, and therefore, there is a high demographic cost to producing dispersible diaspores there. This evolutionary change in dispersibility had occurred after only 5–15 generations of selection in the urban environment (Cheptou and Dornier, 2012).…”

Section: Ultimate Reasons For Philomatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Philomatry in plants: why do so many species have limited seed dispersal?

Cheplick

2022

American J of Botany

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Many have noted limited seed dispersal of plants in diverse environments and attempted evolutionary explanations for it. Although philopatric (“love of fatherland”) is used by zoologists to describe organisms that remain near their place of origin, philomatric (“love of motherland”) is proposed as more appropriate for plants because seeds develop on the maternal parent, fecundity and dispersal are maternally influenced characteristics, and the term dovetails with the mother‐site hypothesis (MSH) for the evolution of restricted dispersal. Proximate reasons for philomatry include intrinsic drivers such as morphological features of diaspores and where on the maternal parent they are produced. Extrinsic drivers include local environmental conditions, surrounding vegetation, and ineffective dispersal agents. The MSH proposes that selection should favor philomatry in a population adapted to a particular habitat because offspring will likewise be adapted to that same habitat. Several studies show philomatry can mitigate distance‐dependent costs of dispersing into surrounding inhospitable areas. Undispersed diaspores can eliminate energetic costs of accessory structures or biochemicals needed by dispersible diaspores, but it is unclear whether these costs are significant to the evolution of philomatry. Disadvantages of limited dispersal are inability to escape deteriorating habitat conditions, inability to colonize new habitats, and inbreeding among offspring. Heterocarpic species offset these disadvantages by producing dispersed plus undispersed diaspores. A conceptual framework is presented relating dispersal distance to the probability of seedling establishment. Future research should recognize dispersal as a covarying syndrome of multiple life history traits and focus on ecological selection agents that favor philomatry.

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“…Applying the recruitment limitation framework to urban contexts not only informs basic science but can also engage urban ecologists in broader debates on ecological theory, such as the relative contribution of seed versus site limitation (Panel 1) and metapopulation dynamics (eg Cheptou and Dornier ). In addition, recruitment limitation research may improve other conceptual frameworks, such as urban trait filter models.…”

Section: Recruitment Limitation From Theory To Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Plants in the city: understanding recruitment dynamics in urban landscapes

Piana

Aronson

Pickett

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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In cities, naturally regenerating plant populations are critical in sustaining both ecological function and ecosystem services. However, scientists have a limited understanding of the urban ecosystem conditions and stressors that influence basic life‐history processes and constraints for plant populations. Here, we synthesize current research on the recruitment dynamics of urban plants (processes associated with adding individuals to populations) and present a conceptual framework for urban recruitment limitation. From grasslands to forests, and from natural to constructed habitats, multiple urban drivers – including climate, land‐cover change, pollution, and biotic invasions – affect plant recruitment. These drivers often interact, and their effects are frequently species‐, habitat‐, or region‐specific. Furthering a “mechanistic” understanding (one that focuses on the underlying ecological mechanisms of observed phenomena) of how these drivers alter plant population dynamics will improve the conservation, management, and restoration of urban greenspaces.

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Urban metapopulation dynamics, and evolution of dispersal traits in the weed Crepis sancta

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Life history of theGlanville fritillary butterfly in fragmented versus continuous landscapes

Life history of theGlanville fritillary butterfly in fragmented versus continuous landscapes

Philomatry in plants: why do so many species have limited seed dispersal?

Plants in the city: understanding recruitment dynamics in urban landscapes

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