Ants are a very rich and cosmopolitan group of insects. e ants' colonies are composed by di erent castes, in which each individual has its function in the colony (i.e. workers, soldiers, and the queen). is amazing organization in castes is the main responsible for their evolutionary success and their adaptation in distinct types of habitats. Two thousand species of ants in Brazil have already been described, and almost 50 of them adapted to live in urban habitats. Ants are considered urban pests, mainly because they physically carry disease organisms and because they damage household appliances. We sampled urban ants in the city of Jataí -GO, located in a region of Brazilian Cerrado, in the Southwest of the State of Goiás. To better demonstrate the ant fauna of this region, we sampled the ants inside houses and in the backyards. We tested if (1) the species richness is higher in backyards than inside houses. We also tested whether (2) ant species composition di ers from those within residences in relation to the ones in backyards. We sampled 47 species of ants belonging to six subfamilies. Backyards had signi cantly higher species richness than within residences. is result was expected, since the backyards are heterogeneous environments and provide more resources, refuges and a better microclimatic quality, allowing a greater amount of species to coexist. is result was expected, since the backyards present vegetation (mainly Poaceae and fruit plants) and exposed soil, allowing the occurrence of species that need these resources. ese results show that knowledge of the richness and composition of the myrmecofauna living in urban areas may be fundamental for the elaboration of management, control and conservation plans of the ants. Keywords: Backyards; Residences; Urbanization; Heterogeneity.
RESUMORiqueza e composição de formigas (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) em habitats urbanos. As formigas pertencem a um grupo de insetos cosmopolita e muito rico em espécies. As colônias de formigas são compostas por muitas castas, em que cada indivíduo tem sua função na colônia (exemplos, operárias, soldados e a rainha). Esta surpreendente organização em castas é a principal responsável pelo seu sucesso evolutivo e por suas adaptações em diferentes tipos de hábitat. Já foram descritas 2.000 espécies de formigas no Brasil, e quase 50 delas são adaptadas a ambientes urbanos. As formigas são consideradas pragas urbanas, principalmente porque elas transportam sicamente organismos portadores de doenças e porque elas dani cam eletrodomésticos. Nós amostramos formigas urbanas no município de Jataí -GO, localizado em uma região de Cerrado Brasileiro, no Sudoeste do Estado de Goiás. Para demonstrar melhor a mirmecofauna desta região, nós coletamos as formigas dentro de residências e nos quintas das mesmas. Nós testamos se (1) a riqueza de espécies é maior nos quintais do que dentro das residências. Também testamos se (2) a 1 PPG em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Goiás -UFG, Goiás, GO, Brasil. E-mail para correspondência...