Update on sputum methodology

Holz, Olaf; Kips, Johan; Magnussen, H

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.16b26.x

Cited by 55 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…During the initial minutes components of the central airway are sampled with predominance of neutrophils and during the final minutes the distal airways are sampled together with the alveolar compartment giving a predominance of macrophages. 20,21 The quality of the material analyzed depends on the time passed before the start of sputum processing, on the number of squamous cells present in the sample and on the quantity of inflammatory cells analyzed. 16 Ideally, it is suggested that sputum should be processed within 2 hours of collection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escarro induzido em crianças e adolescentes com asma: segurança, aplicabilidade clínica e perfil de células inflamatórias em pacientes estáveis e durante exacerbação

Palomino¹,

Bussamra²,

Saraiva-Romanholo³

et al. 2005

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objectives: To determine the safety of sputum induction in asthmatic children and adolescents, to characterize sputum inflammatory cells while clinically stable and during exacerbation and to correlate sputum inflammatory cells with peripheral blood eosinophils, serum IgE and the degree of bronchial obstruction.Methods: Ninety-six asthmatic patients aged 6 to 18 years were recruited for the present cross-sectional study. Spirometry was performed before and after administration of a bronchodilator. Sputum was collected spontaneously or after induction by the inhalation of saline solution at increasing concentrations. Blood samples were obtained for serum IgE and eosinophil quantification.Results: Sputum samples adequate for analysis were obtained from 68 (70.8%) of the patients recruited. No relevant bronchoconstriction was observed during induction. The presence of a larger number of eosinophils in sputum did not correlate with more clinically severe asthma. No correlation was observed between the degree of bronchial obstruction, measured based on FEV 1 , and inflammatory cells in sputum, peripheral blood eosinophils or serum IgE. Larger numbers of neutrophils were observed in the asthma exacerbation group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Sputum induction was found to be a safe procedure for obtaining clinical samples from children and adolescents even during exacerbations, allowing for clinical and functional limitations. The 67% induction success rate was considered satisfactory. In this group of patients, receiving inhaled corticosteroids, eosinophil quantification did not distinguish between the clinical and functional severity of asthma and was independent of the degree of airway obstruction. A proportional predominance of neutrophils was observed in the sputum of patients with asthma exacerbation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escarro induzido em crianças e adolescentes com asma: segurança, aplicabilidade clínica e perfil de células inflamatórias em pacientes estáveis e durante exacerbação

Palomino¹,

Bussamra²,

Saraiva-Romanholo³

et al. 2005

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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“…Spirometry, including a bronchodilation test, was performed in all subjects using a computerised system (MasterLab 2.12; Jaeger, Wü rzburg, Germany) according to standardised guidelines [26].…”

Section: Spirometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in microsatellite DNA level between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Zervou

Tzortzaki²,

Makris³

et al. 2006

European Respiratory Journal

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Previous studies have shown that microsatellite (MS) DNA instability (MSI) is detectable in sputum cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether asthma and COPD could be distinguished at the MS DNA level.DNA was extracted from sputum cells and white blood cells from 63 COPD patients, 60 non-COPD smokers, 36 asthmatics and 30 healthy nonsmokers. Ten MS markers located on chromosomes 2p, 5q, 6p, 10q, 13q, 14q and 17q were analysed.No MSI was detected in non-COPD smokers or healthy nonsmokers. A significantly higher proportion of COPD patients exhibited MSI (49.2%) compared to asthmatics (22.2%). MSI was detected even in the mild stages of COPD (33.3%) and asthma (22.2%). No relationship was found between MSI and COPD severity. The most frequently affected marker was D14S588 (17.5% in COPD and 2.7% in asthma). The markers D6S344, G29802 and D13S71 showed alterations only in COPD, and G29802 was associated with a significantly decreased forced expiratory volume in one second FEV1 (% predicted), whereas MSI in D6S344 was associated with a significantly higher FEV1 (% pred).The frequency of microsatellite instability was higher in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than in asthma, and microsatellite instability in three workers showed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease specificity. However, further studies are needed to verify the differences between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma at the microsatellite level.

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“…The adverse response occurs despite prior administration of a b 2 -agonist, which is strongly recommended for sputum induction [6]. Besides the inability of a b 2 -agonist to afford complete protection, little is known about the protective measures against the effects of hypertonic saline in COPD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Montelukast attenuates the airway response to hypertonic saline in moderate-to-severe COPD

Zühlke

Kanniess²,

Richter³

et al. 2003

European Respiratory Journal

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This study assessed the effect of the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast on hypertonic saline-induced airway obstruction.A total of 29 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), 42 ¡ 4% predicted) received either 10 mg montelukast and 3 h later placebo via metered-dose inhaler (MDI) (M), or placebo and 3h later 200 mg salbutamol (S), or two doses of placebo (P), in a randomised order. Patients inhaled salbutamol 1 h after MDI and the challenge was performed 15 min later (3% saline, 5 min). Data are given as per cent changes versus baseline.Compared to P, S caused significant bronchodilation in FEV1 (7.3%) and forced inspiratory volume in one second (FIV1) (4.5%), and M in FIV1 (1.5%). The salineinduced fall in FEV1 was lower after M (-5.8%), compared with S (-10.3%) and P (-13.1%). FEV1 (11.3%) and FIV1 (7.6%) was improved over baseline after recovery by M but not P and S. Recovery times regarding FEV1 (8.5 min) and FIV1 (15.2 min) were shortest after M, respective values for S being 16.8 and 20.4 min, and for P 15.9 and 21.2 min. Effects were strongest in patients with low baseline FEV1 and/or inhaled corticosteroids.Data from this study indicate beneficial effects of montelukast on hypertonic salineinduced airway responses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, particularly those with severe disease. The major effect was an accelerated recovery leading to values above baseline. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 926-930.

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Update on sputum methodology

Cited by 55 publications

References 44 publications

Escarro induzido em crianças e adolescentes com asma: segurança, aplicabilidade clínica e perfil de células inflamatórias em pacientes estáveis e durante exacerbação

Escarro induzido em crianças e adolescentes com asma: segurança, aplicabilidade clínica e perfil de células inflamatórias em pacientes estáveis e durante exacerbação

Differences in microsatellite DNA level between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Montelukast attenuates the airway response to hypertonic saline in moderate-to-severe COPD

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