Update on laboratory diagnosis of amoebiasis

Saidin, Syazwan; Othman, Nurulhasanah; Noordin, Rahmah

doi:10.1007/s10096-018-3379-3

Cited by 82 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Examination of stool is a simple and inexpensive investigation in a patient with diarrhea and may reveal trophozoites of E.histolytica [15]. However, the results of stool parasite were negative in all patients in our study which is similar to the previous studies [16] . So the diagnostic sensitivity and speci city of microscopic examination to detect E. histolytica in stool is considered low.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Characteristics of Endoscopic and Pathological Findings of Amebic Colitis

Yue

meng

Zhou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Backgroud The clinical features of amoebic colitis resemble those of inflammatory bowel Disease(IBD), and therefore the risk of misdiagnosis is very high.Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of the endoscopic and pathological findings of amebic colitis and the lessons from our patients, which were useful for diagnosing the amebic colitis timely and avoiding the serious complications.Methods We retrospectively reviewed data of all amebic colitis admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to January 2020. Cases were diagnosed by clinical presentation, laboratory examinations, and colonoscopy with biopsy and histological examination. Results 16 patients were diagnosed with amebic colitis by the colonscopy accompanied by biopsy and microscopic examination. At first time, 12 (75%) patients were misdiagnosed as IBD. Cecum was the most common site of amebic colitis(100%), and the caecum and rectum were also involved in many lesions(68.75%). Multiple lesions of erosion and/or ulcer were recognized in all patients(100%).The features of endoscopic findings included multiple irregular shaped ulcers and erosions with surrouding erythema, and the ulcers and erosions were covered by the white or yellow exudates. The intervening mucosae between the ulcers or erosions were normal. The features of rectums can be divided to 2 types: in 6 patients(54.5%), the irregular ulcer or erosions covered with white or yellow exudates were observed in rectum and cecum, and the bloody exudates in rectum were more severe than those in cecum; in other 5 patients(45.5%), rectal lesions were much less severe than those in cecum, the small superficial erosion or reddened mucosa were observed in the rectal ampulla. All patients were diagnosed as detection of amebic trophozoites from HE-stained biopsy specimens. The number of trophozoites ranged from 1 /HPF to ＞50/HPF. Among 16 cases, mild architectural alteration of colon crypt were observed in 10 cases(62.5%), and serious architectural alteration of colon crypt was found which had crypt branch in 1 case(16.7%). Cryptitis was observed in 12 cases(75%) and its severity was mild or moderate. No crypts abscess was observed in all cases. Conclusions The colonoscopy with histological examination are very important to diagnose the amebic colitis. Detect the amoebic trophozoites in the esudates by histological examination is the vital. Sometimes a negative biopsy does not rule out amebiasis, repeated biopsies may be needed to make the diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Characteristics of Endoscopic and Pathological Findings of Amebic Colitis

Yue

meng

Zhou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Here, the sensitivity of QUIK CHEK was found to be particularly low for cyst-containing stools, which are typically non-diarrheal samples. This was as expected because the antigen targeted by this assay is an adhesin (Gal/GalNAc lectin) on the surface of the trophozoite form of E. histolytica [11].…”

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confidence: 80%

“…In Japan, stool ova and parasite examination (O&P) is currently the only approved diagnostic method for E. histolytica infection, as of August 25, 2020. O&P is a low-cost and rapid diagnostic tool for enteric parasite infection; however, in most developed countries it is not recommended for the diagnosis of E. histolytica [10,11]. This is because 1) O&P cannot distinguish non-pathogenic Entamoeba spp., such as E. dispar and E. moshkovskii, from potentially pathogenic E. histolytica; and 2) the sensitivity and specificity of O&P are highly dependent on local healthcare settings, such as the skill of the technician and the timing of the examination, as O&P should be carried out by a well-trained laboratory technician immediately (within 1 hour) after sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, enteric parasite infections are not common in regions with good hygiene, resulting in many developed countries having fewer opportunities for the training of healthcare professionals in the O&P technique. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most reliable diagnostic tool for the detection of E. histolytica; however, this procedure, which includes the extraction of DNA from various types of clinical samples, remains too technically complex for point-of-care use and too expensive for the routine clinical diagnosis of E. histolytica infection [10,11]. On the other on November 2, 2020 by guest http://jcm.asm.org/…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of the Rapid Antigen Detection Test E. histolytica Quik Chek for the Diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica Infection in Nonendemic Situations

et al. 2020

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Background Entamoeba histolytica infection is an increasingly common sexually transmitted infection in Japan. Currently, stool ova and parasite examination (O&P) is the only approved diagnostic method. Herein, we assessed the utility of the commercially available rapid antigen detection test (QUIK CHEK) for E. histolytica. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted. Stool samples that had been submitted for O&P examination were included. The samples were subjected to both QUIK CHEK and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the QUIK CHEK results were assessed in comparison with PCR as the reference standard. Results E. histolytica infection was confirmed in 5.8% (38/657) of the samples and comprised 20 diarrheal and 18 non-diarrheal cases. The overall sensitivity and specificity of QUIK CHEK was 44.7% [95% confidence interval 30.1–60.3] and 99.8% [99.1–100], respectively. The sensitivity of QUIK CHEK was higher for diarrheal cases (60.0%) than non-diarrheal cases (27.8%). Further, the combined use of QUIK CHEK with O&P increased the sensitivity (78.9%), especially for diarrheal cases (up to 90%). The E. histolytica burden assessed by quantitative PCR was similar between QUIK CHEK-positive and -negative samples. The QUIK CHEK assay sensitivity was lower for cyst-containing stools than for trophozoite-containing stools, although it was shown that cultured E. histolytica clinical strains from QUIK CHEK-negative cyst-containing stools exhibited antigenicity in vitro. Conclusions The present study confirmed the high specificity of QUIK CHEK for E. histolytica infection. Combined use with O&P increased the sensitivity of detection, facilitating the use of QUIK CHEK in point-of-care settings in non-endemic situations.

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“…Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia are two protozoa that produce enteric infections with the common symptom of dysentery and acute diarrhea, which out constitute a serious public health problem in tropical regions around the globe, and are considered endemic in several countries of the African, American, and Asian continents (Marie and Petri 2014;Saidin et al 2019). Annually, each protozoan causes 50 and 280 million of cases respectively, and 100,000 deaths, being mainly affecting children younger than 10 years old (Rojas et al 2016;Quihui-Cota et al 2017;Ibañez-Cervantes et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvia connivens, a Source of Bioactive Flavones with Amoebicidal and Giardicidal Activity

Bautista

Calzada

Yépez‐Mulia

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.

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Salvia connivens Epling, Lamiaceae, is an annual herbaceous plant used as a traditional medicine in Mexico for the treatment of diarrhea, which out can be caused by bacterial, viral, and protozoal infections, as well as toxins mainly. Mexican medicinal plants with anti-diarrheic activity represent a source of potential antiprotozoal agents. The phytochemical isolation of the constituents of an acetone-soluble extract led to the isolation of the known flavonoids: eupatorin, cirsiliol, and nuchensin. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by the analysis of their NMR and MS data. Nuchensin displayed potent antiprotozoal activity against Entamoeba histolytica (IC 50 0.072 ± 0.006 μM) and Giardia lamblia (IC 50 0.118 ± 0.006 μM), which was comparable to metronidazole.

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Update on laboratory diagnosis of amoebiasis

Cited by 82 publications

References 138 publications

Characteristics of Endoscopic and Pathological Findings of Amebic Colitis

Characteristics of Endoscopic and Pathological Findings of Amebic Colitis

Utility of the Rapid Antigen Detection Test E. histolytica Quik Chek for the Diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica Infection in Nonendemic Situations

Salvia connivens, a Source of Bioactive Flavones with Amoebicidal and Giardicidal Activity

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