Update on Cytomegalovirus Infections of the Gastrointestinal System in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Lemonovich, Tracy L.; Watkins, Richard R.

doi:10.1007/s11908-011-0224-6

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The most common target organ is the GI tract, causing CMV GI disease. Although any part of the GI tract can be involved, esophagitis and colitis are the conditions most frequently diagnosed . CMV enteritis and colitis manifest as diarrhea and abdominal pain, often with fever.…”

Section: Cytomegalovirus (Cmv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhea caused by viruses in transplant recipients

Lee

Ison

2014

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Diarrhea is a common complication after solid organ transplantation, and viruses are emerging as important but underestimated causative agents. Viral infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients can result in severe and prolonged diarrhea with significant patient morbidity and graft complications. Cytomegalovirus remains the most common of the viruses to cause diarrhea, but other viruses are being increasingly recognized, including norovirus, rotavirus, and adenovirus. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of these viral causes of diarrhea in SOT patients.

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Section: Cytomegalovirus (Cmv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhea caused by viruses in transplant recipients

Lee

Ison

2014

Transplant Infectious Dis

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“…Cytomegalovirus esophagitis is observed in patients who have undergone transplantation, those undergoing long-term dialysis, HIV-infected patients or those with long lasting steroid therapy [21, 22]. Until now no case was reported in immunocompetent hosts.…”

Section: Cytomegalovirus-induced Esophagitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of infectious esophagitis

Rosołowski¹,

Kierzkiewicz

2013

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Infectious esophagitis may be caused by fungal, viral, bacterial or even parasitic agents. Risk factors include antibiotics and steroids use, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, malignancies and immunodeficiency syndromes including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Acute onset of symptoms such as dysphagia and odynophagia is typical. It can coexist with heartburn, retrosternal discomfort, nausea and vomiting. Abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss and even cough are present sometimes. Infectious esophagitis is predominantly caused by Candida species. Other important causes include cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infection.

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“…Esophagitis is the second most common gastrointestinal (GI) manifestation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after colitis. CMV esophagitis has been reported in patients who have undergone organ transplantation, are on long‐term renal dialysis, or have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or a hematological malignancy . Patients who are being administered immunosuppressive therapy or chemotherapy are also at increased risk for CMV infection and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical characteristics and manifestations of cytomegalovirus esophagitis

et al. 2015

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Esophagitis is the second most common gastrointestinal manifestation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after colitis. CMV esophagitis has been reported in patients who have undergone transplantation, are on long-term renal dialysis, or who have the human immunodeficiency virus infection. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and manifestations of CMV esophagitis in patients who underwent diagnostic endoscopy. A total of 16 patients with histologically proven CMV infection were identified from 1539 patients with esophageal ulcers and analyzed retrospectively (January 2006 to December 2013). Patients' personal data (age, smoking, and alcohol consumption), underlying systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), malignancy, indication for esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopic characteristics, and diagnostic methods (pathological or serological findings) were collected for further analysis. Among the patients with CMV esophagitis, the mean age was 59.94 years (range, 23-84 years). The male : female ratio was 1.67:1. Odynophagia and epigastralgia were common symptoms. Of the 16 patients, 3 (18.75%) were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and 9 (56.25%) had an underlying malignancy, including lung cancer (6 patients), esophageal cancer (2 patients), gastric cancer (1 patient), ampulla of Vater cancer (1 patient), and lymphoma (1 patient). Six of the 9 patients (66.7%) with malignancy had been administered concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). In this study, patients with malignancy who had been administered CCRT were at increased risk for CMV esophagitis, which had not been reported before in the literature. CMV esophagitis should be considered as a potential treatment-related complication of CCRT.

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Update on Cytomegalovirus Infections of the Gastrointestinal System in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Cited by 33 publications

References 69 publications

Diarrhea caused by viruses in transplant recipients

Diarrhea caused by viruses in transplant recipients

Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of infectious esophagitis

The clinical characteristics and manifestations of cytomegalovirus esophagitis

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