Untersuchungen zum Feuchtaufschluß von Stroh mit Natronlauge

Block, H. J.; Weißbach, Friedrich; Prym, R.

doi:10.1080/17450398509426968

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…www.nature.com/scientificreports/ hemicelluloses and cellulose following NaOH treatment led to improved energy, OM, and fibre digestibility also in previous studies 16,17,20,47,54,55 . The inclusion of urea treated straw did not notably affect digestibility of energy, ash, OM, nutrients, or fibres in the TMR (Table 6) and this confirms reports that urea is not as much effective as NaOH can be 32,54 . The level of inclusion of treated straw into the diet is crucial for successful application, because more than 30% of alkaline treated straw in a TMR on DM basis may lead to intake depression and body weight decline 56 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…An increased CA concentration (here from 72 to 135 g/kg DM) usually reduces OM concentration and the energy density of the straw. The addition of 60 g NaOH/kg straw DM corresponds to a sodium concentration of about 30 g/kg DM 32,33 , which is a significant increase compared to untreated straw (0.2 g/kg DM) 33 . After aerobic storage of the straw, a part of sodium is present as NaHCO 3 , which remains as part of the inorganic residue during incineration and is recorded as CA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Physicochemical characterisation of barley straw treated with sodium hydroxide or urea and its digestibility and in vitro fermentability in ruminants

Bachmann

Martens

Brech

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The development of strategies to overcome the shortage of forage due to persistently low rainfall is becoming a central task for animal nutrition in research and practice. In this study, it was investigated how the treatment of straw with NaOH or feed urea in a practicable procedure for modern farms affects rumen fermentation (gas production and greenhouse gas concentration) as well as the digestibility of feed energy and nutrients. For this purpose, the treatments were tested individually and in different proportions in a total mixed ration (TMR) in ruminal batch cultures in vitro and in a digestibility trial with sheep. In order to explain the observed effects at the molecular level, descriptive data from 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were obtained. NaOH treatment of straw increased crude ash (CA), non-fibrous carbohydrates, digestible energy (DE), and metabolizable energy (ME) concentration, whereas the proportion of neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom) and hemicellulose decreased. In urea treated straw, NH3–N and crude protein increased, whereas acid detergent lignin (ADL), DE, and ME decreased. The physically effective fibre (peNDF8) concentration increased in TMR containing 18% of NaOH or urea treated straw (p < 0.01). The application of straw treatments as pure substrates (not as part of a TMR) increased gas production and decelerated ruminal fermentation (p < 0.05). In vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) of the straw (0.31) increased after NaOH (0.51; p < 0.05) and urea treatment (0.41; p > 0.05). As part of a TMR, straw treatments had no distinct effect on gas production or IVOMD. Concentrations of CH4 and CO2 were likewise not affected. Apparent total tract digestibility of aNDFom, acid detergent fibre (ADFom), hemicellulose, and cellulose increased in the TMR by approximately 10% points following NaOH treatment (p < 0.05). The inclusion of urea treated straw did not affect apparent digestibility. Calculated true digestibility of aNDFom was 0.68, 0.74, and 0.79, of ADFom 0.58, 0.57, and 0.65, and of ADL 0.02, 0.13, and 0.08 in TMR including untreated, NaOH treated, and urea treated straw, respectively. 13C NMR and FTIR analyses consistently revealed that the global structure and crystallinity of the carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) was not altered by treatment and the concentration of lignin was likewise not affected. Depolymerisation of lignin did not occur. However, NMR signals assigned to acetyl groups were significantly altered indicating that straw treatments disrupted linkages between hemicelluloses and lignin. Moreover, the acetates signal was affected. This signal can be assigned to linkages between ferulic acids and hemicelluloses (arabinoxylans). FTIR spectra of straw treatments mainly differed at a wavelength of 1730 cm−1 and 1240 cm−1. Disappearance of the 1730 cm−1 peak suggests removal of hemicelluloses or lignin related compounds by treatment. The disappearance of the lignin peak at 1240 cm−1 could be due to conjugated ketone (phenyl-carbonyl) removal or the removal of ferulic and p-coumaric acid acetyl groups. Both treatments are supposed to release fermentable cell wall components (hemicelluloses) from lignin-associated bonds and as a result, straw fibre can be better fermented in the rumen. This contributes to energy supply and increased fibre digestibility at least in the TMR that contained NaOH treated straw. The alkaline straw treatments probably induced a release of phenolics such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, which can be metabolised in the gut and the liver and metabolites might be excreted with the urine. This could notably contribute to metabolic energy losses.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physicochemical characterisation of barley straw treated with sodium hydroxide or urea and its digestibility and in vitro fermentability in ruminants

Bachmann

Martens

Brech

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In vitro ruminal degradability of wheat straw cultivated with white-rot fungi adapted to mushroom farming conditions

Martens

Wildner

Zeyner

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Biological treatment of cereal straw for ruminant nutrition purposes might present an environmentally friendly option of valorizing a widely available by-product of grain production for farming systems with low external input. Several strains of white-rot fungi have been selected in the past under mostly controlled laboratory conditions for their capacity of lignin degradation. The study adapted to conditions on farm for upscaling purposes. The development of the in vitro straw digestibility with two different moistening pre-treatments and inoculated with three different fungi species, namely Pleurotus ostreatus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Volvariella volvacea, was determined up to 42 days of fermentation with five sampling times. The effect of physical straw pre-treatments on nutritional parameters was evaluated. The neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD30h), enzymatically soluble organic substance (ELOS) and the gas production (Hohenheim Feed value Test, HFT) as indicators for in vitro ruminal degradability decreased over time independent of the fungus: HFT, ELOS and NDFD30h by up to 50, 35 and 30% of the original straw. Remoistening and autoclaving the straw increased the gas production significantly by 2.6 mL/200 g dry matter (DM), and ELOS and NDFD30h by 45 and 51 g/kg DM compared to the original straw (34.9 mL/200 mg DM, 342 g/kg DM, 313 g/kg NDF).

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Untersuchungen zum Feuchtaufschluß von Stroh mit Natronlauge

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Physicochemical characterisation of barley straw treated with sodium hydroxide or urea and its digestibility and in vitro fermentability in ruminants

Physicochemical characterisation of barley straw treated with sodium hydroxide or urea and its digestibility and in vitro fermentability in ruminants

In vitro ruminal degradability of wheat straw cultivated with white-rot fungi adapted to mushroom farming conditions

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