Unsuspected axillary lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal and cervical cancer on 18FDG PET/CT: a case report

Kang, Sung Min

doi:10.5603/nmr.2016.0032

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The most common pattern of NPC recurrence was local (73.5%), followed by locoregional lymph nodes (21.7%) and distant metastasis [ 3 ]. Bone, lung, and liver are common sites of distant metastases, and supraclavicular nodes are the most advanced extent of locoregional spread reported [ 4 ]. A recent retrospective study involving 2,599 NPC patients found that 59% of recurrent NPC occurs within the first two years after completion of treatment [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axillary Metastasis as the Initial Presentation of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Musa,

Afandi,

Zahedi

2024

Cureus

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The recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is either at the local primary site or at regional or distant metastases. However, an axillary metastasis is a rare entity in NPC. We highlighted a case of recurrent NPC that presented with axillary swelling as the main initial complaint. Clinical examinations showed enlarged left axillary lymph nodes and left cervical lymph nodes. Histopathological examination of the axillary lymph node biopsy confirmed the recurrence of NPC. The patient underwent palliative chemotherapy in view of the advanced stage of recurrent disease. A thorough clinical history and examination during surveillance are crucial for early diagnosis and better survival outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axillary Metastasis as the Initial Presentation of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Musa,

Afandi,

Zahedi

2024

Cureus

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“…It should be pointed out that the primary sentinel lymph nodes for head and neck cancers are the cervical lymph nodes rather than axillary lymph nodes, as established by previous publications (reviewed in 50 ). However, while less typical, axillary lymph node metastasis has been observed in multiple occasions in patients with cancers of oral origin, [51][52][53][54] suggesting the potential draining from cancers of the head and neck to the axillary lymph nodes. Similarly, we have demonstrated that front leg vaccination generated a significantly stronger antigen-specific CD8+ T cells response in the axillary lymph nodes of na€ ıve mice as compared to that in the iliac and inguinal lymph nodes, which exerts potent antitumor effects against tumors located in the buccal area ( Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramuscular vaccination targeting mucosal tumor draining lymph node enhances integrins-mediated CD8+ T cell infiltration to control mucosal tumor growth

et al. 2018

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: Mucosal immunization is suggested to be crucial for controlling tumors in the mucosal region; however, therapeutic DNA vaccination with electroporation in various mucosal sites has yet to become clinically adaptable. Since tumor-draining lymph nodes (tdLNs) have been suggested as immune-educated sites that can be utilized to mount a potent antitumor immune response, we examined whether intramuscular DNA vaccination with electroporation at sites that target the mucosal tdLNs could elicit mucosal immune response to restrict tumor growth. : The efficacy and mechanism of intramuscular administration of a therapeutic DNA vaccine with electroporation at different sites was examined by lymphocyte analysis, tumor growth, mouse survival, as well as integrin expression, in mice bearing orthotopic HPV16 E6/E7+ syngeneic TC-1 tumors in various mucosal areas.: While provoking comparable systemic CD8+ T cell responses, intramuscular hind leg vaccination generated stronger responses in cervicovaginal-draining LNs to control cervicovaginal tumors, whereas intramuscular front leg vaccination generated stronger responses in oral-draining LNs to control buccal tumors. Surgical removal of tdLNs abolished the antitumor effects of therapeutic vaccination. Mucosal-tdLN-targeted intramuscular vaccination induced the expression of mucosal-homing integrins LPAM-1 and CD49a by tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in the tdLNs. Inhibition of these integrins abolished the therapeutic effects of vaccination and the infiltration of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells into mucosal tumors. : Our findings demonstrate that tumor draining lymph nodes targeted intramuscular immunization can effectively control mucosal tumors, which represents a readily adaptable strategy for treating mucosal cancers in humans.

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“…Very little research on this topic is reported as case reports [22][23][24]. We conducted a small sample retrospective study analysis to explore this issue, with the main purpose of improving the prognosis of such patients, increasing tumor control rates, and reducing the occurrence of metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the current problem of target delineation based on the characteristics of axillary lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Li,

Yao,

Chang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Patients with axillary lymph node metastasis after radical radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma are clinically visible, and the reasons for this condition are unclear. We conducted a retrospective study on a small sample to explore the characteristics of metastasis. We reviewed all nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients admitted to our department from 2015 to 2020 and selected 6 patients who developed axillary lymph node metastasis after treatment. These 6 patients all belonged to the N3 stage before treatment, and lymph node metastasis occurred in the axillary area on the same or more severely affected side of the supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. From the occurrence time of axillary lymph node metastasis, the closer the cervical lymph node metastasis to the subclavian region, the earlier and more extensive the axillary lymph node metastasis is. In summary, for patients with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis before treatment, there is a risk of axillary lymph node metastasis after treatment. For patients with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis that is lower or closer to the subclavian area, it is necessary to receive prophylactic radiotherapy in the ipsilateral axillary area during radiotherapy.

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Unsuspected axillary lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal and cervical cancer on 18FDG PET/CT: a case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Axillary Metastasis as the Initial Presentation of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Axillary Metastasis as the Initial Presentation of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Intramuscular vaccination targeting mucosal tumor draining lymph node enhances integrins-mediated CD8+ T cell infiltration to control mucosal tumor growth

Exploring the current problem of target delineation based on the characteristics of axillary lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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