2016
DOI: 10.1007/s10554-016-1031-9
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Unravelling cardiovascular disease using four dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Abstract: Knowledge of normal and abnormal flow patterns in the human cardiovascular system increases our understanding of normal physiology and may help unravel the complex pathophysiological mechanisms leading to cardiovascular disease. Four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a suitable technique that enables visualization of in vivo blood flow patterns and quantification of parameters that could potentially be of prognostic value in the disease process. In this review, curren… Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(26 citation statements)
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“…Further advances in research of aortic hemodynamic were achieved by introducing three-and four-(time resolved)dimensional flow MRI [22]. In the recent flow-sensitive MRI studies, the pattern of aortic flow has been shown directly, which confirmed the above-mentioned observations.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 57%
“…Further advances in research of aortic hemodynamic were achieved by introducing three-and four-(time resolved)dimensional flow MRI [22]. In the recent flow-sensitive MRI studies, the pattern of aortic flow has been shown directly, which confirmed the above-mentioned observations.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 57%
“…Four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) is a non-invasive imaging method to investigate in vivo cardiovascular flow and is used to better understand cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Besides simple measures of flow [ 1 3 ], this technique allows for quantification of more comprehensive hemodynamic parameters, such as wall shear stress (WSS) [ 4 , 5 ]. WSS is defined as the viscous shear force of flowing blood acting tangentially to the vessel wall and can be estimated in both small and large vessels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In July 2017 the Topical issue on Emerging concepts on Invasive and Noninvasive Coronary Physiological Assessment was published with a great overview over the various imaging modalities with a total of 15 scientific papers by the experts in this field on invasive and non-invasive flow reserve, flow-pressure relationships, microvascular dysfunction, perfusion imaging and wall shear stress [94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108].…”
Section: Topical Issue On Emerging Concepts On Invasive and Noninvasimentioning
confidence: 99%