Unpacking “evil”: Claiming the core of the Dark Triad

Book, Angela S.; Visser, Beth A.; Volk, Anthony A.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.016

Cited by 192 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…Numerous researchers have found that there is significant overlap between the three members of the Dark Triad, which is made up of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy (e.g., Paulhus and Williams 2002), and have attempted to explain the "core" of the Dark Triad because of this overlap (for a review of the various explanations of the core, see Book et al 2015). Book et al labeled the core as "evil", and found that scores on the core were correlated with social and sexual exploitation of others.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychopathic traits were significantly positively related to number of sexual partners and with the tendency to follow a short-term mating approach. Similarly, Book et al (2015) found that the core of the Dark Triad (including psychopathic traits which was almost entirely encompassed in the core) was related to a variety of sexually and socially exploitative behaviors. Presumably, such an exploitive mating strategy would lead to a larger number of offspring with relatively lower parental investment (Glenn et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 91%

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The Mask of Sanity Revisited: Psychopathic Traits and Affective Mimicry

Book¹,

Methot²,

Gauthier³

et al. 2015

Evolutionary Psychological Science

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Three studies examined Jones' (Perspectives on Psychological Science, 9, 445-451, 2014) suggestion that psychopathic individuals use mimicry to avoid detection. In study 1, student, community, and offender participants posed fearful facial expressions while looking at a prototypical fear face. Expressions were coded for facial movements associated with fear and were rated on genuineness by a separate sample of undergraduates. Across samples, psychopathic traits were associated with increased use of typical action units for fearful facial expressions and with genuineness ratings. In study 2, undergraduates completed the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and told a story about a time when they did something that they should have felt remorseful for but did not. Factor 1 traits were found to positively relate to genuineness scores given by a separate sample of undergraduates. Finally, in study 3, four videos of false remorse stories told by violent offenders were rated by a sample of undergraduates. The two high factor 1 videos received significantly higher genuineness ratings, supporting the relationship between factor 1 and affective mimicry. Overall, findings suggest that the psychopathic traits (specifically, factor 1) may be associated with the ability to accurately mimic emotional expression (fear and remorse) leading others to perceive emotional genuineness.

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Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

The Mask of Sanity Revisited: Psychopathic Traits and Affective Mimicry

Book¹,

Methot²,

Gauthier³

et al. 2015

Evolutionary Psychological Science

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“…Assim, traços psicopáticos estão relacionados à baixa empatia, impulsividade e busca de sensações; os narcisistas são mais direcionados para aspectos como egocentrismo e grandiosidade; e os maquiavélicos voltam-se para o uso de estratégias de manipulação interpessoal na exploração dos demais, visando a obtenção de ganhos pessoais (Book, Visser, & Volk, 2015;Jones & Paulhus, 2011;Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009).…”

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“…Assume-se, então, que o lado sombrio da personalidade é entendido a partir de um ponto de vista pseudopatológico, capturando a variante subclínica dos construtos, que são vistos como socialmente prejudiciais, atribuindo benefícios imediatos ao invés do bem comum (Book et al, 2015;Jonason, Duineveld, & Middleton, 2015).…”

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“…Por exemplo, estudos têm indicado que o polo oposto do traço amabilidade (antagonismo) no modelo dos cinco grandes fatores pode ser o aspecto central dos três componentes da tríade (Jakobwitz & Egan, 2006;Paulhus & Williams, 2002); por outro lado, há evidências que sugerem que o núcleo comum seria baixos escores no fator H do modelo HEXACO, havendo, inclusive, evidências empíricas que apoiam esta hipótese (Book et al, 2015). Alternativamente, Jones e Figueredo (2013) propuseram que o aspecto central do lado sombrio da personalidade seria a confluência entre manipulação interpessoal e insensibilidade, sendo que dessa interação emergiriam os traços antagônicos.…”

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Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: Avaliando seus Parâmetros Via TRI

et al. 2017

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ResumoO presente estudo objetivou explorar os parâmetros psicométricos da Dirty Dozen por meio da Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI), utilizando o Modelo de Resposta Graduada. Participaram 284 pessoas, com média de idade de 24,2 anos (DP = 8,76). Inicialmente, checou-se a dimensionalidade da escala, sendo encontrados resultados que apoiam uma estrutura composta por três fatores oblíquos (CFI = 0,99; TLI = 0,98; RMSEA = 0,03). Portanto, as análises de TRI foram realizadas separadamente para cada fator. Posteriormente, verificou-se que os itens discriminam adequadamente os participantes, sendo aqueles que pertencem ao fator narcisismo os mais endossados; maquiavelismo e psicopatia exigiram uma quantidade maior de theta para haver concordância com o conteúdo do item, quiçá em virtude desses traços serem socialmente indesejáveis. Estima-se que os objetivos do estudo foram alcançados, conhecendo evidências dessa medida breve a partir da TRI, referendando seu uso em possibilidades futuras. Palavras-chave: tríade sombria, maquiavelismo, psicopatia, narcisismo, teoria de resposta ao item Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: Assessing its Parameters Through IRT AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the psychometric parameters of the Dirty Dozen through the Item Response Theory (IRT), using the Graduated Response Model. Participants included 284 individuals, with a mean age of 24.2 years (SD = 8.76). Initially the dimensionality of the scale was checked and results that support a three-oblique-factor structure were found (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.03). Therefore, IRT analyses were performed separately for each factor. Then, it was verified that the items discriminate participants properly, being those items belonging to the narcissism factor the ones mostly endorsed; Machiavellianism and psychopathy demanded a greater amount of theta in order to agree with the item content, perhaps because these traits are socially undesirable. It is considered that the aims of the study were achieved, providing evidence of this short measure through the IRT, showing the possibilities of its use in future studies. Keywords: Dark Triad; Machiavellianism; psychopathy; narcissism; Item Response Theory. Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: Evaluando sus Parámetros Vía TRI ResumenEste estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar los parámetros psicométricos del Dirty Dozen por medio de la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem (TRI), utilizando el Modelo de Respuesta Graduada. Participaron 284 personas con edad promedio de 24,2 años (DP = 8,76). Inicialmente se verificó la dimensionalidad de la escala, encontrándose resultados que apoyan una estructura de tres factores oblicuos (CFI = 0,99; TLI = 0,98; RMSEA = 0,03). Por lo tanto los análisis de TRI fueron realizados separadamente para cada factor. Después se verificó que los ítems discriminan adecuadamente los participantes, siendo aquellos que pertenecen al factor narcisismo más endosados; maquiavelismo y psicopatía exigieron una cantidad mayor de theta para que existiese concordancia con el contenido del ítem, quizás debido ...

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Codifying gradients of evil in select YouTube comment postings

Miller

2019

Human Behav and Emerg Tech

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This investigation featured a content analysis of 2,269 publicly available YouTube comment postings in order to provide insight into how users evaluate and interpret videos containing explicit and graphic imagery with palpable relevance to themes of evil. Famed social psychologist Leonard Berkowitz (1999), suggested that evil should necessarily have differing gradients. Using this framework, select comments from four widely viewed and graphic videos from the following events were utilized as they were deemed to depict evil in the following descending order: The Holocaust, 9/11, the 2015 WDBJ shootings, and the 2014 Ray Rice assault. It was hypothesized and largely found that videos associated with greater evil showed a greater recognition from YouTube users as such as well as greater compassion toward the depicted victims. However, as expected, there were also tendencies for the Holocaust video to be particularly associated with select negative comments (e.g., racism or suggesting it was a fake event). This research furthers our understanding of how individuals make sense of traumatic events with varying degrees of evil in an online context.

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Unpacking “evil”: Claiming the core of the Dark Triad

Cited by 192 publications

References 50 publications

The Mask of Sanity Revisited: Psychopathic Traits and Affective Mimicry

The Mask of Sanity Revisited: Psychopathic Traits and Affective Mimicry

Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: Avaliando seus Parâmetros Via TRI

Codifying gradients of evil in select YouTube comment postings

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