Understanding suicide risk and eating disorders in college student populations: Results from a National Study

Lipson, Sarah Ketchen; Sonneville, Kendrin R.

doi:10.1002/eat.23188

Cited by 54 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Prior research using the Healthy Minds Study has investigated EDs among college students. This includes identifying disparities (Hazzard et al, 2020), social and mental health correlates (e.g., sexual assault victimization, suicidality; Ganson, Rodgers, Lipson, Cadet, & Putnam, 2020; Lipson & Sonneville, 2019), and treatment utilization (Eisenberg, Nicklett, Roeder, & Kirz, 2011); however, no studies have investigated associations with illicit drug use. From this prior research, prevalence estimates of ED symptoms are between 9–29% for female, between 3–16% for male (Eisenberg et al, 2011; Ganson et al, 2020; Hazzard et al, 2020; Lipson & Sonneville, 2017), and 14% for transgender/gender non‐conforming (TGNC; Lipson & Sonneville, 2017) students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between eating disorders and illicit drug use among college students

Ganson

Murray

2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective To estimate the associations between a positive eating disorder screen and any lifetime eating disorder diagnosis and illicit drug use among a large, diverse sample of college students. Method We analyzed data from the national (United States), cross‐sectional 2018–2019 Healthy Minds Study (HMS; n = 42,618; response rate: 16%). HMS collects information on the physical, mental, and social health of college students. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the association between a positive eating disorder screen (measured using the SCOFF) and any self‐reported lifetime eating disorder diagnosis and self‐reported illicit drug use in the past 30 days (any illicit drug use and use of marijuana, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, stimulants, ecstasy, opioids, benzodiazepines), while adjusting for potential confounders. Results Among the sample, 54.34% (n = 28,608) were female and the mean age of participants was 23.30 (SE ± 0.05) years. Logistic regression analyses revealed unique associations between a positive eating disorder screen and any lifetime eating disorder diagnosis and illicit drug use among the sample of college student participants. A positive eating disorder screen was most strongly associated with methamphetamine use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43–10.78), and any lifetime eating disorder diagnosis was most strongly associated with benzodiazepine use (AOR 3.42, 95% CI 2.28–5.13). Discussion Illicit drug use is common among college students who screen positive for an eating disorder and report any lifetime eating disorder diagnosis. The co‐occurring nature of eating disorders and illicit drug use may complicate treatment and lead to compounded adverse health outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between eating disorders and illicit drug use among college students

Ganson

Murray

2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…College age young adults are also particularly susceptible to poor mental health, including depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and nonsuicidal self-injury [27], as well as have increased access to alcohol and illicit drugs thus leading to substance use [28,29]. Moreover, it is well established that eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors are connected with comorbid substance use and poor mental health [30][31][32][33]. The potential associations between fasting and substance use and poor mental health symptoms may be driven by the overlapping emotion regulation difficulties spanning these behaviors [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates of fasting among U.S. college students

2021

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Background Fasting is an unhealthy behavior that has been frequently used as part of weight loss attempts. To date, little research has been conducted to determine the prevalence and substance use and mental health correlates of fasting among college students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and associations between any (≥ 1 time) and regular (≥ 13 times) occurrences of fasting in the past 4 weeks and substance use and mental health correlates among a large sample of college students from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data from four academic survey years (2016–2020; N = 8255) of the national (USA) Healthy Minds Study were analyzed. Unadjusted prevalence of any and regular fasting by survey year and gender was estimated. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between any and regular fasting and the demographic (age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, highest parental education), substance use (cigarette use, marijuana use, other illicit drug use, alcohol use), and mental health (depression, anxiety, eating disorder symptoms, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury) correlates. Results Any fasting in the past 4 weeks was common among both men (14.77%) and women (18.12%) and significantly increased from 2016 (10.30%) to 2020 (19.81%) only among men. Regular fasting significantly increased among both men and women from 2016 (men: 1.46%; women: 1.79%) to 2020 (men: 3.53%; women: 6.19%). Among men and women, both any and regular fasting in the past 4 weeks were associated with higher odds of all mental health symptoms, including a positive depression, anxiety, and eating disorder screen, suicidal ideation, and non-suicidal self-injury. Among women, but not men, any and regular fasting in the past 4 weeks were associated with higher odds of marijuana use and other illicit drug use (e.g., cocaine, ecstasy). Conclusions The results from this study underscore both the high and increasing prevalence of fasting among a national sample of college students, as well as the substance use and mental health symptoms associated with this behavior. Healthcare professionals both on and off campus should consider screening for fasting behaviors among college students and provide appropriate intervention when needed.

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“…Early identification, effective treatment, and appropriate interventions for students have the potential to save students’ lives and improve societal well-being and social capital [ 3 ]. Despite recent attention to the alarming rates of suicidal behaviors among college students [ 3 , 4 , 7 , 28 ], there has been less research comparatively addressing suicide prevention and early intervention for college students than for primary and secondary school students [ 29 ]. This is troubling because the college years represent a critical and unique developmental stage [ 30 ] characterized by dynamic social role transitions, new living situations, and changing relationships [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide Prevention Among College Students Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Xiao¹,

Hinrichs²,

Johnson³

et al. 2021

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Suicide is the second leading cause of death for college-aged individuals worldwide and in the United States. Recent studies have identified preliminary evidence of widening disparities in suicidal behaviors across sex, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, age, and socioeconomic status among college students. Few systematic reviews and meta-analyses offer a comprehensive understanding of on-campus and off-campus suicide interventions, nor is collated information available for different types of screening, assessment, treatment, and postvention plans. Further challenges have been identified since the COVID-19 pandemic, calling for cost-effective and innovative interventions to address increased rates of suicidal behaviors among college students facing unprecedented stressors. Objective This research protocol describes the first systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the most effective and cost-effective intervention components for universal and targeted (indicated and selected) suicide prevention among college students in a global context. Special attention will be placed on disparities in suicide prevention across sociodemographic subgroups, inclusive interventions beyond campus, global context, and intervention responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A sensitive search strategy will be executed across MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, PsycINFO (EBSCO), ERIC (EBSCO), Cochrane Library, Dissertations and Theses Global (ProQuest), Scopus, Global Index Medicus, SciELO, African Journals Online, Global Health (CABI), and Google Scholar. Data extraction and evaluation will be conducted by three independent researchers. Risk of bias will be assessed. A multilevel meta-regression model and subgroup analysis will be used to analyze the data and estimate effect sizes. Results The initial search was completed in December 2020 and updated with additional other-language studies in March 2020. We expect the results to be submitted for publication in mid-2021. Conclusions Despite increasing rates of suicidal behaviors among college students, few preventative efforts have targeted this population, and fewer focus on factors that might place specific demographic groups at heightened risk. The impact of COVID-19 on suicidal behaviors among college students highlights and exacerbates the urgent need for rapid and effective interventions that might differ from traditional approaches. This equity-focused study will address these gaps and provide a valuable analysis of the effectiveness of suicide prevention programs and interventions. Findings will inform clinicians, researchers, policy makers, families, and organizations about evidence-based interventions for reducing the gaps in the suicide crisis among college students from different sociodemographic groups. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42020225429; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=225429 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26948

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Understanding suicide risk and eating disorders in college student populations: Results from a National Study

Cited by 54 publications

References 49 publications

Associations between eating disorders and illicit drug use among college students

Associations between eating disorders and illicit drug use among college students

Prevalence and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates of fasting among U.S. college students

Suicide Prevention Among College Students Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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