Una revisión literaria del Problema de Carga del Pallet

Abstract

Abstract. Nowadays, businesses face a fi erce competition. Hence, implementing strategies to achieve competitiveness is elemental. For that purpose, in the logistics fi eld, the proper use of resources is a must. According to several experts, storing and transportation have a high impact in the overall supply chain profi t. Therefore, lowering their impact by increasing effi ciency contribute to a higher profi tability. An effi cient palletizing can cause to easily ship more goods onto a pallet with the consequent savings in transportation and storage. The denominated Pallet Loading Problem (PLP) focuses on fi nding space optimization to load the maximum quantity of packed product onto the pallet.This article presents a literature review of the most prominent approaches with the objective of showing the main characteristics and solution methods proposed by researchers. Thus, the understanding of these solution approaches can help in the development of new strategies or approaches to deal with the palletizing. Keywords:Logistics, Transportation, Pallet, Literature Review, Pallet Loading Problem.Resumen: Actualmente, las empresas enfrentan una competencia agresiva, por lo que implementar estrategias para alcanzar la competitividad es elemental. En este sentido, en Logística, el uso adecuado de los recursos es imprescindible. El impacto en la ganancia que tienen el almacenaje y el transporte, conlleva la implementación de acciones para contrarrestarlo. Un paletizado efectivo puede contribuir a reducir costos.El Problema de Carga del Pallet (PLP) procura la optimización del espacio del pallet para lograr cargar la mayor cantidad de producto debidamente empacado. El uso práctico y benefi cios del PLP han dado pie a su estudio en la búsqueda de solución.Este artículo presenta una revisión literaria de los principales estudios para mostrar las características principales y los métodos de solución propuestos, generando una base de entendimiento que permita dar sustento a la elaboración de nuevos modelos y estrategias en la solución del PLP.

Mixed Palletizing for Smart Warehouse Environments: Sustainability Review of Existing Methods

“…A comprehensive literature review on the Pallet Loading Problem was presented by Vargas-Osorio and Zúñiga [17] in 2016. Papers from 1987 were reviewed and categorized according to their variation (Manufacturer or Distributor), dimension (2D or 3D), method (exact, Simulation, or heuristic), and the software or programming language used.…”

“…A literature search was conducted on databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, arXiv, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), and Scopus. More than 200 scientific papers were searched and reviewed related to their relevance, in accordance with which this procedure appears under various names, like "palletising" [7][8][9], "palletizing" [10][11][12], "palletisation" [13,14], "palletization" [6,15,16], "pallet loading problem" [17][18][19], "pallet placement" [13,14,20], and "3D Bin Packing Problem" (pallet version as opposed to packing packages and loading containers) [21,22]. To address this ongoing issue, a typology was proposed in 1990 [23] and in 2007 [24] by researchers that concerns the area of Cutting and Packing problems.…”

“…In the Supply Chain sector, transportation and storage are critical factors that have a major impact on costs. The palletizing loading efficiency causes direct savings in the total logistics costs and can cut up to 30% of the transportation cost and up to 25% of the storage cost [17]. Mixed palletizing is about achieving a high load efficiency, through space utilization, which leads to a more economical, environmentally friendly, and sustainable role for the Supply Chain sector.…”

“…Regarding the algorithm-based solutions, the first approaches to solve the problem were exact algorithms with the help of computational programming. The next attempts were made with the incorporation of heuristics algorithms, on the grounds of reducing computational times for this NP-hard problem [17]. Heuristics approaches are still being researched at this present time [11].…”