Ultrasound of prostate cancer: recent advances

Pallwein, Leo; Mitterberger, Michael; Pelzer, Alexandre; Bartsch, Georg; Strasser, Hannes; Pinggera, Germar M.; Aigner, Friedrich; Gradl, Johann; Nedden, Dieter zur; Frauscher, Ferdinand

doi:10.1007/s00330-007-0779-7

Cited by 87 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…1, 2). About 70% of prostate carcinomas are found within the peripheral zone (4,10) and may be The prostate gland is located caudal to the urinary bladder, with the urethra running through it. The seminal vesicles are convoluted cystic structures at the posterolateral sides of the prostate base (blue), draining into the ejaculatory ducts (A).…”

Section: Transrectal Ultrasound (Trus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, been proposed. Tumor neoangiogenesis can be detected with Doppler or Power-Doppler examinations, which are particularly helpful for the detection of isoechoic tumors that would normally be missed with gray-scale ultrasound (4,10,18). Intravenous injection of sonographic-contrastmedia consisting of stabilized microbubbles, in conjunction with contrast harmonic techniques may further improve the sensitivity for increased blood perfusion (4,18,19).…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intravenous injection of sonographic-contrastmedia consisting of stabilized microbubbles, in conjunction with contrast harmonic techniques may further improve the sensitivity for increased blood perfusion (4,18,19). Tissue Harmonic Imaging results in improved spatial and contrast resolution (4, 10), and sono-elastography displays a color-coded qualification of tissue elasticity (4,10,18,19), which helps to increase the positive biopsy yield of elastography-directed biopsies (20 the introduction of endorectal-coil imaging and the emergence of functional techniques such as MR spectroscopy (MRSI), dynamic contrastenhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has boosted the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and its potential to refine the therapeutic decision making process (1,22). Standard morphologic imaging sequences should include 4 mm transverse, sagittal and coronal fast-T2 weighted images (Fig.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical and imaging tools in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, a review

Visschere¹,

Oosterlinck²,

Meerleer³

et al. 2010

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology

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Measurement of serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level is useful to detect early prostate cancer. PSA-screening may reduce the mortality rate from prostate cancer, but this is associated with a high rate of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. To improve the detection of clinically significant cancers, several auxiliary clinical and imaging tools can be used. The absolute PSA value can be complemented with parameters such as PSA velocity, PSA density and free/total PSA. Transrectal Ultrasound (

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Section: Transrectal Ultrasound (Trus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical and imaging tools in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, a review

Visschere¹,

Oosterlinck²,

Meerleer³

et al. 2010

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology

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show abstract

“…The imaging of prostate cancer is central to early detection and staging. However, it is generally acknowledged that detection and localisation of prostate tumours using greyscale ultrasound is poor, because suspicious hypoechoic areas represent cancer in only 9-53% of cases [2][3]. Furthermore, up to 30% of prostate cancers are isoechoic [4][5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing the degree of enhancement of prostate cancer on contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasonography: correlation with biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens

Jiang

Yq²,

Yk³

et al. 2012

The British Journal of Radiology

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Objectives: This study was designed to identify factors that influenced the degree of enhancement of prostate cancer on contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasonography (CETRUS). Methods: 139 patients suspected of prostate cancer were evaluated with CETRUS followed by systematic and targeted transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies. The degree of enhancement of the lesions was objectively measured using peak intensity with time-intensity curve analysis software. Ultrasound findings were correlated with clinical characteristics as well as biopsy and radical prostatectomy findings. Results: Prostate cancers were detected in 230 biopsy sites from 91 patients. The mean peak intensity value of prostate cancer was significantly higher than that of the benign lesions (9.82¡3.73 vs 7.51¡2.97; p,0.001), and the peak intensity value of the cancer foci varied across the prostate. The mixed model analysis revealed that the location and Gleason score of tumour foci were the influencing factors of the peak intensity value, and the former had a stronger influence upon peak intensity than the latter (p50.000 and 0.040, respectively). However, age, prostate volume or serum prostate-specific antigen of the patient had no significant influence on the peak intensity value (p.0.05). Furthermore, the peak intensity value of tumours larger than 5 mm diameter was significantly higher than tumours of 5 mm or smaller diameter (9.28¡2.46 vs 6.69¡2.65; p,0.001). Conclusions: The prostate cancer lesions with a higher Gleason score and larger tumour size which were located in the lateral peripheral zone (PZ) were more likely to show a marked enhancement. Lesions with lower peak intensity that are located in the medial PZ should also be treated as suspicious. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in males, accounting for 28% of new cancer diagnoses in males and 11% of cancer-related deaths, with an expected 32 050 prostate cancer-specific mortalities in 2010 [1]. The imaging of prostate cancer is central to early detection and staging. However, it is generally acknowledged that detection and localisation of prostate tumours using greyscale ultrasound is poor, because suspicious hypoechoic areas represent cancer in only 9-53% of cases [2][3]. Furthermore, up to 30% of prostate cancers are isoechoic [4][5]. Conventional prostate ultrasound has little advantage over digital rectal examination for detecting malignant areas. Consequently, new strategies for prostate cancer detection are required. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a real-time imaging technique with the capability of visualising perfusion patterns [6][7][8]. This imaging technology has revealed promising perspectives in the diagnosis of prostate cancer owing to its ability to improve the visualisation of tumour vascularity. Several studies have reported that CEUS-targeted biopsy detected more cancer than systematic biopsy by identifying the area with greatest enhancement of the prostate [9][10][11][12]. In a recent study reported by Tang et al [13], the haemodynamic ...

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“…applications, such as the study of the prostate and of the liver in cirrhosis, are now appearing [19][20][21]. -US is also deservedly within functional and molecular imaging, as we know that targeted agents can be included in or on microbubbles, allowing detection of specific disease or delivery of therapeutic molecules within target organs by local insonication [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%