Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction with simultaneous derivatization coupled to fibre optics-based cuvetteless UV–vis micro-spectrophotometry for formaldehyde determination in cosmetic samples

Lavilla, Isela; Cabaleiro, Noelia; Pena, Francisco José Ribadas; Calle, Inmaculada de la; Bendicho, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2010.06.021

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…121 and fluorescence 122 respectively or an indicating fragment for HPLC-MS. Hence, the most important derivatizations for analysis by HPLC, mHPLC, CE, etc.…”

Section: Derivatization For Liquid Chromatography and Hyphenated Techmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV detection is the most commonly used technique in HPLC but it sometimes lacks the sensitivity for trace analysis (cf . 121 Ultrasound energy imposed on a 30% NaCl methanol solution was found to promote the cyclization of acetyl acetone and formaldehyde in the presence of ammonium (Hantzsch reaction), when using a derivatizing solution containing 0.2% (v/v) acetyl acetone, 15% (w/v) ammonium acetate, and 0.3% (v/v) glacial acetic acid. Chemical derivatization can modify substances with a low UV absorption into highly sensitive products, with wavelengths in/around 254 nm.…”

Section: Hplc Derivatization Reagents For Uv-vis Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 9), as in the detection of medicinal components or trace solvents/reagents in pharmaceutical applications. 121 The subsequent extraction step was completed using a solvent mixture of dichloromethane with a slight amount of acetone and methanol added, as it gave better recoveries, although the solvent 1-butanol has been proposed in the European method for cosmetic extractions. There have been a variety of chemical reagents that have been used to add a chromophore to a particular type of functional group.…”

Section: Hplc Derivatization Reagents For Uv-vis Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical Derivatization Techniques ☆

Parkinson¹

2014

Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering

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For the last 40 years or so, analytical chemists have borrowed well-known reaction techniques from organic and organometallic fields to perform derivatization reactions so as to enhance detection of the elusive analytes they seek. The derivatization mantra has been that, for the technique to be worthwhile, it should be simple to perform, fast (usually less than 15 min), selective, and that the derivatizing reagent should react quantitatively with the analyte and only give one final product. So where are we now? Some derivatization reactions are indeed fast and some are not; some are very selective and some are more universal. However, with a certain care and careful control of optimized conditions, quantitative enhancement outcomes and increased separative power and detection can be very worthwhile. The number of derivatization reagents commercially available itself suggests that there must be some merit to derivatization, that overcomes the associated extra costs: in time (to incorporate the extra reaction step), and in the expense of acquiring, handling, and storing derivatizing reagents. This chapter attempts to show that with proper consideration, it has been feasible to push a chosen analytical technique to give increased selective detection and signal enhancement by derivatization. In many cases, this has made possible the detection of trace components from difficult matrices in a number of scenarios, including on-site analysis, in quality control/continuous analysis methods, or through some remote-sensing platforms. Further, the incorporation of derivatization in an extraction method can be simple and friendly to automated throughput for multiple sample analysis.The fundamental idea of derivatization is that the basic chemical or physical structure of the analytical moiety is changed through a suitable reaction. For example, by labeling compounds for a specific detection purpose, or by changing a functional group to enhance certain chromatographic characteristics, better detection and separation (respectively) can be achieved via the ensuing instrumental techniques. The type of derivatization is highly dependent upon the analytical method and upon the nature of the compound analyzed. There are a variety of good review articles, technical reports, 1 text chapters, 2 and full texts 3-6 that address in detail many specific applications used in analytical derivatization. There are several extraction methods available that are compatible with derivatization. For many analyses, the choice of the best extraction technique is not clear, as many techniques can extract analytes equally well, based on simplicity, applicability, solvent use, expense, detection limit, precision, and time taken to perform the operation. 7 Derivatization techniques have been incorporated into many sample preparation and extractions schemes, to include, but not limited to, total sample headspace, single-drop microextraction (SDME), 8 solid-phase microextraction (SPME), needle trap device (NTD), purge and trap, solid-phase extraction (SPE)...

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“…121 and fluorescence 122 respectively or an indicating fragment for HPLC-MS. Hence, the most important derivatizations for analysis by HPLC, mHPLC, CE, etc.…”

Section: Derivatization For Liquid Chromatography and Hyphenated Techmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hplc Derivatization Reagents For Uv-vis Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hplc Derivatization Reagents For Uv-vis Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analytical Derivatization Techniques ☆

Parkinson¹

2014

Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering

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“…Due to allergic potential of formaldehyde, liquid detergents and cosmetic products must be labeled with “contain formaldehyde” when there is a minimum content of 0.05% free of this substance [6, 7]. Because of the above reasons and the influence of formaldehyde in human bodies, various methods have been developed for determination of formaldehyde in some detergents and cosmetic products including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [8–11], headspace solid phase microextraction by gas chromatography (GC), and isotope dilution mass spectrometry [12, 13], fluorimetry [14], and spectrophotometry [15, 16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Very Low Level of Free Formaldehyde in Liquid Detergents and Cosmetic Products Using Photoluminescence Method

Gholami

Mohsenikia

Masoum

2016

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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Formaldehyde is commonly used in detergents and cosmetic products as antibacterial agent and preservative. This substance is unfavorable for human health because it is known to be toxic for humans and causes irritation of eyes and skins. The toxicology studies of this compound indicate risk of detergents and cosmetic formulations with a minimum content of 0.05% free formaldehyde. Therefore, determination of formaldehyde as quality control parameter is very important. In this study, a photoluminescence method was achieved by using 2-methyl acetoacetanilide. Also, the Box-Behnken design was applied for optimization of Hantzsch reaction for formaldehyde derivatization. The investigated factors (variables) were temperature, % v/v ethanol, reaction time, ammonium acetate, and 2-methyl acetoacetanilide concentration. The linear range was obtained from 0.33–20 × 10−7 M (1–60 μg·kg−1) and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.12 μg·kg−1. The proposed method was applied for the analysis of Iranian brands of liquid detergents and cosmetic products. The formaldehyde content of these products was found to be in the range of 0.03–3.88%. Some brands of these products had higher concentration than the maximum allowed concentration of 0.2%. High recoveries (96.15%–104.82%) for the spiked dishwashing liquid and hair shampoo indicate the proposed method is proper for the assessment of formaldehyde in detergents and cosmetic products. The proposed methodology has some advantages compared with the previous methods such as being rapid, without the necessity of applying separation, low cost, and the fact that the derivatization reaction is carried out at room temperature without any heating system.

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“…The literature discusses some methodologies and techniques for the analysis of formaldehyde in various samples such as blood, food samples, air, and cosmetics amongst others . Techniques such as spectrophotometry, capillary electrophoresis, and electrochemistry were used to determine formaldehyde . However, most of these techniques involve a series of tedious and labour‐intensive extraction steps and they also suffer from low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%