Surgeons routinely use adjunct imaging tools during transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). Intra-operative MRI (iMRI) was quickly adopted as a surgical adjunct for TSS. Currently, a variety of iMRI systems are in use during TSS. The variations in iMRI systems include field strengths (0.15 to 3 T), magnet configurations (open, retractable, double doughnut etc.) and room configurations. Most studies report that the primary utility of iMRI during TSS lies in detecting resectable tumor residuals following maximal resection with conventional technique. Additionally, stereotaxis, neuronavigation and complication avoidance/detection are enhanced by iMRI use during TSS. The use of iMRI during TSS can lead to increased extent of resection for large tumors. Additionally, improved remission rates from hormone secreting tumors have also been reported with iMRI use. Despite increased surgical duration with iMRI, the incidence of surgical or peri-operative complications are comparable with conventional TSS. In this chapter, the history, indications and future directions for iMRI during TSS are discussed.