Ultrasonographic gastric antral area and gastric contents volume in children

Abstract

Correlations between GAA and TGV(w) or GFV(w) in children are best in the RDC position, but not sufficient to predict GFV(w) with a given GAA. Interpretation of isolated GAA values may be misleading.

Validity of ultrasonographic measurement of gastric volume in fasted pediatric patients without sedation

“…The RLD scan position is reportedly better for estimation of gastric volume [9,10]. Even in the supine position, the correlation coefficient of our data was slightly lower than the data of the two abovementioned previous studies [9,10]. This may be due to the following reasons.…”

“…Schmitz et al showed that antral CSA was positively correlated with gastric volume; the correlation coefficients were 0.62 in the supine position and 0.73 in the RLD position in conscious healthy volunteers aged 6-12 years. Gastric volume was measured by magnetic resonance imaging [9]. However, this previous study did not include younger children, so it is likely that positioning during scanning was relatively easier.…”

“…Gastric contents and volume have recently been evaluated using noninvasive portable gastric ultrasonography in adults [4][5][6][7][8], and in children [9,10]. The validity of gastric ultrasonography to estimate gastric content and volume in pediatric patients before anesthetic induction has not yet been established.…”

Manual vs. pressure-controlled facemask ventilation for anaesthetic induction in paralysed children: a randomised controlled trial

“…Given that the "empty" antrum appears "flat" (the anterior and posterior walls nearly closed against each other) or round like a "bull's eye" target ( Fig 3A,B), 24 GAA was calculated using the following formula, as previously described. [18][19][20] …”

“…1). [18][19][20] Next, a high-frequency linear probe was applied to obtain images from the same point as that in the sagittal scanning plane. The image acquisitions were repeated five times between the peristaltic antral contractions to accurately measure the outcome variables.…”