Ultrasonic assisted preparation of lanthanide-oleate complexes for the synthesis of multifunctional monodisperse upconversion nanoparticles for multimodal imaging

Abstract

The synthesis of multifunctional monodisperse upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) of high quality is highly desired for bioimaging. Lanthanide-oleate complexes are excellent precursors for the synthesis of high quality UCNPs with controllable size and shape. In this work, lanthanide-oleate complexes were prepared by an ultrasonic assisted procedure, and used as precursors for further synthesis of multifunctional monodisperse NaYF4:59%Yb(3+),0.5% Tm(3+)@NaYF₄:20%Gd(3+) nanoparticles without the need for further purification. Heavy doping of Yb(3+) in the core and incorporation of Gd(3+) in the shell made the UCNPs promising for upconversion luminescence (UCL), magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) multimodal imaging. The nanoparticles were further functionalized with bombesin peptide for in vivo UCL/MR/CT imaging of prostate tumors.

Multifunctional mixed-metal nanoscale coordination polymers for triple-modality imaging-guided photodynamic therapy

“…The calculated r 1 relaxivity was 26.27 mM –1 s –1 , which was almost twice that of the Gd/Yb–Ru NCPs (1 : 2), and seven times that of Gd-DTPA ( r 1 = 3.69 mM –1 s –1 ). 12 This result was validated with MR images (inset of Fig. 2f).…”

“…10–12 L Ru was reacted with Gd 3+ ions by a microemulsion method to prepare NCPs. However, the morphology and size of the NCPs were almost unaffected by the surfactant content.…”

“…10,11 Ytterbium (Yb) is a high-Z element, providing high X-ray attenuation and is an efficient X-ray computed tomography (CT) contrast agent. 12 Unlike small-molecule ligands, chelating ligands have extraordinary structures and functions, tunable denticities and charges, so they are attractive for building CPs. 6,13,14 [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ (bpy = bipyridyl) and its derivatives have favorable photophysical properties and have been used as optical imaging agents and sensing matrices.…”

Acute hepatotoxicity of multimodal targeted imaging contrast agent NaLuF₄:Gd,Yb,Er-PEG/PEI-FA in mice

“…Therefore, UCNPs can achieve depth biotissues fluorescence imaging with excellent performance. In addition, due to the versatility of lanthanide ions, multimodal imaging probes can be constructed by doping different types of rare earth ions in the same host, and simultaneously realized the functions of upconversion fluorescence, magnetic resonance (MR) and computer tomography (CT) imaging (Tang et al, 2014;Feng et al, 2017;Xue et al, 2017). Therefore, UCNPs apparently have great potential appli-cations in biomedicine fields.…”

The Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment on the Morphologies and Optical Properties of Upconversion NaYF4:Ln3+ Crystals

“…Normally, organic molecules such as oleic, citric and ethylenediamine acids, polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) have been explored as capping agents to control the morphologies and size of the crystals. [13][14][15] The crystals doped with lanthanide ions, when functionalized with biocompatible agents, become invisible Vol. 28, No.…”