Ultrasensitive nano-aptasensor for monitoring retinol binding protein 4 as a biomarker for diabetes prognosis at early stages

Abstract

Prognosis of diabetes risk at early stages has become an important challenge due to the prevalence of this disease. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), a recently identified adipokine, has been introduced as a predictor for the onset of diabetes type 2 in coming future. In the present report a sensitive aptasensor for detection of RBP4 is introduced. The immune sandwich was prepared by immobilizing biotinylated RBP4 aptamers on streptavidin coated polystyrene micro-wells and then incubation of RBP4 as target and finally addition of luminol-antibody bearing intercross-linked gold nanoparticles as reporter. The chemiluminescence intensity was recorded in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant agent and Au 3+ as an efficient catalyst for luminol oxidation. The aptasensor responded to RBP4 in the linear concentration range from 0.001 to 2 ng/mL and detection limit was slightly less than 1 pg/mL. The proposed method has successfully applied to determine the RBP4 in patient real serums. By using the intercross-linked gold nanoparticles, it is possible to provide more accessible surface for immobilizing luminol and enhance the chemiluminescence signal. Therefore, the analytical parameters such as sensitivity, specificity, detection limit and linear range were improved in compare to the biosensors reported in the literature.

Aptamer-Based Biosensors for the Colorimetric Detection of Blood Biomarkers: Paving the Way to Clinical Laboratory Testing

“…The limits of detection were 3.7 nM for RBP4, 1 nM for vaspin, and 0.4 nM visfatin, both in model buffer solution and in diluted serum samples. R. Torabi et al [61] developed a chemiluminescent assay for RBP4 based on a specific DNA aptamer. The immobilized RBP4 aptamer selectively captured the analyte from solution.…”

“…R. Torabi et al [ 61 ] developed a chemiluminescent assay for RBP4 based on a specific DNA aptamer. The immobilized RBP4 aptamer selectively captured the analyte from solution.…”

Symposium review: Adipose tissue endocrinology in the periparturient period of dairy cows

“…Induce lipolysis (Stern et al, 2016); induce fatty acid oxidation (Stern et al, 2016); inhibit adipocyte differentiation (Zhou et al, 1999); anti-adipogenic (Gerhardt et al, 2001); mediator between nutritional status and immune system; pro-inflammatory stimulus (increased leptin levels) in obese humans (Boutari et al, 2018) Adiponectin/leptin-ratio: predictive marker for the metabolic syndrome in humans (Frühbeck et al, 2017) PEDF: 50 kDa Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 (ATGL: adipose triglyceride lipase); ribosomal protein SA (LR1: laminin receptor 1) (Notari et al, 2006;Bernard et al, 2009) Anti-angiogenic (Bouck, 2002); neurotrophic (Simonovic et al, 2001); anti-inflammatory functions in humans (Zhang et al, 2006) Biomarker for insulin resistance or visceral obesity in humans (Yamagishi and Matsui, 2018) RBP4: 21 kDa Signaling transporter and receptor of retinol 6 (STRA6); retinol-binding protein receptor 2 (RBPR-2) Facilitates the transport of retinol from liver to peripheral organs (Berni et al, 1990); binds and transports FA (Perduca et al, 2018); induce insulin resistance in mice (Yang et al, 2005); inhibits adipogenesis in humans (Romacho et al, 2014) Predictive biomarker at early stages of insulin resistance in humans (Torabi and Ghourchian, 2020); marker for type 2 diabetes in human and cardiovascular risk (Klöting et al, 2007) Continued dance of ...…”

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biomedical and clinical applications: A review

“…[229] hnRNPB1 Human lung cancer biomarker Gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugate [230] Retinol binding protein-4 (RBP4) Diabetes prognosis at early stages Luminol-antibody bearing intercross-linked GNPs. [231] Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)…”