Ultrarapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Fluorescent Silver Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles and Its Application in Detecting Alkaline Phosphatase Activity

Abstract

Fluorescent silver coordination polymer nanoparticles (Ag-TPA CPNs) were synthesized using a combination of terephthalic acid (TPA) and silver nitrate via an ultrarapid microwave-assisted strategy within 15 min. The Ag-TPA CPNs displayed a high fluorescent quantum yield (QY = 20.19%) and large Stokes shift (~200 nm), with two emission peaks at 490 nm and 520 nm under an excitation wavelength of 320 nm. A fluorescent “turn-off” method using fluorescent Ag-TPA CPNs was applied to detect the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on the basis of the ALP-catalyzed hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P) to ascorbic acid (AA), and the AA product triggered the reduction of Ag+ ions into silver nanoparticles. The fluorescent lifetime of Ag-TPA CPNs decreased from 3.93 ms to 3.80 ms after the addition of ALP, which suggests that this fluorescent “turn-off” detection of ALP activity is a dynamic quenching process. The fluorescent intensity had a linear relationship with the concentration of ALP in the range of 0.2–12 mU/mL (r = 0.991) and with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.07 mU/mL. It showed high selectivity in ALP detection towards metal ions and amino acids, as well as other enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, glucose oxidase, tyrosinase, trypsin, lysozyme, and superoxides. When it was applied for the fluorescent “turn-off” detection of ALP activity in serum samples, mean recovery levels ranging from 99.5% to 101.2% were obtained, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 4% accuracy. Therefore, it is an efficient and accurate tool for analyzing ALP levels in biosamples.

Recent developments on microwave-assisted organic synthesis of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing preferred heterocyclic scaffolds

“…30 Over the past few decades, there has been a remarkable surge in the utilization of microwave energy. This had led to the introduction of novel and revolutionary applications in various elds, such as organic synthesis, heterocycle synthesis, polymer chemistry, 31,32 material sciences, 33 nanotechnology, and biochemical processes. 34,35 Notably, microwave irradiation has displayed the potential to signicantly reduce processing time, amplify the reaction yield, as well as enhance the purity and properties of products, thereby surpassing traditional methods.…”

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Jasminum nudiflorum Flower Extract and Their Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity

“…Physical methods encompass laser ablation, evaporation condensation, and mechanical ball milling [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. On the other hand, chemical methods involve sol gel, microwave-assisted, and microemulsion techniques [ 8 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. These physical and chemical methods commonly employ reducing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, dimethylformamide, sodium borohydride, and hydrazine, for nanoparticle synthesis.…”

Construction of Aggregation-Induced Emission Molecule–MnO2 Composite Nanoprobe and Its Application in Alkaline Phosphatase Detection

“…In contrast, fluorescence-sensing systems have drawn extensive attention from researchers due to their advantages such as simple operation, less sample consumption and real-time detection. At present, inorganic quantum dots, metal–organic frameworks, coordination polymers and traditional organic dyes have been successfully used in the development of ALP fluorescent sensors [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. However, the current design of sensing systems still has many defects, such as the complex synthesis and modification process of fluorophores, the high toxicity of inorganic quantum dots and the poor solubility of traditional organic dyes in aqueous solution.…”