Ultrafine gradient microstructure induced by severe plastic deformation under sliding contact conditions in copper

Figueroa, Carlos; Schouwenaars, Rafael; Cortés-Pérez, J.; Petrov, Roumen; Kestens, Léo

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2018.02.017

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…A relationship between SFE and the achievable grain size in SPD was reported earlier by Huang et al [ 23 ]. Figueroa et al [ 24 ] have presented a detailed analysis of substructure and microtexture evolution in copper under sliding contact conditions. Room-temperature recrystallisation occurred, driven by the energy stored in the dislocation substructure created by accumulated small strain events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface modification technique used in the latter work was developed with the dual purpose of studying both SPD and wear [ 13 ] and reproduces the phenomena observed in real-world cases of severe adhesive wear in a realistic manner [ 25 ]. In earlier studies using this test, it was found that that cold-rolled materials, while harder, show considerably higher wear than recrystallised ones [ 13 , 24 ]. This can be associated to the hypothesis that wear occurs when a critical amount of damage is accumulated in the microstructure [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be associated to the hypothesis that wear occurs when a critical amount of damage is accumulated in the microstructure [ 26 , 27 ]. For alloys which do not show a shape memory effect, it is understood [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] that small plastic strains are induced by the asperities on the contacting surface. As these asperities affect the surface in a cyclic manner, small strains are accumulated in each step, resulting in total strains which are comparable to the ones achieved in more conventional SPD-processes [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only the latter paper presents a thorough analysis of the microstructural modification of the alloy during wear, showing that increased wear resistance is associated to martensite–austenite transformation and extensive nanotwinning in the martensite. In the present paper, the surface modification of a CuAlBe-SMA is studied using the coaxial configuration described earlier [ 13 , 24 ]. The focus of the analysis is on microstructure and hardness, but wear data are obtained in the same test and will be discussed in parallel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Nanostructuring of a CuAlBe Shape Memory Alloy Produces a 10.3 ± 0.6 GPa Nanohardness Martensite Microstructure

et al. 2020

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Severe plastic deformation (SPD) has led to the discovery of ever stronger materials, either by bulk modification or by surface deformation under sliding contact. These processes increase the strength of an alloy through the transformation of the deformation substructure into submicrometric grains or twins. Here, surface SPD was induced by plastic deformation under frictional contact with a spherical tool in a hot rolled CuAlBe-shape memory alloy. This created a microstructure consisting of a few course martensite variants and ultrafine intersecting bands of secondary martensite and/or austenite, increasing the nanohardness of hot-rolled material from 2.6 to 10.3 GPa. In as-cast material the increase was from 2.4 to 5 GPa. The friction coefficient and surface damage were significantly higher in the hot rolled condition. Metallographic evidence showed that hot rolling was not followed by recrystallisation. This means that a remaining dislocation substructure can lock the martensite and impedes back-transformation to austenite. In the as-cast material, a very fine but softer austenite microstructure was found. The observed difference in properties provides an opportunity to fine-tune the process either for optimal wear resistance or for maximum surface hardness. The modified hot-rolled material possesses the highest hardness obtained to date in nanostructured non-ferrous alloys.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Surface Nanostructuring of a CuAlBe Shape Memory Alloy Produces a 10.3 ± 0.6 GPa Nanohardness Martensite Microstructure

et al. 2020

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“…In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials obtained with severe plastic deformation (SPD). [1][2][3] The SPD processes provide for an accumulation of high-degree deformation, which contributes to the formation of high-angle grain boundaries. [4][5][6] UFG materials are characterized by an increased complexity of mechanical, physical and operational characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECAP-treated aluminium alloy AA2030: microstructure and mechanical properties

Andreyachshenko¹,

Isheva²,

Mazhit³

et al. 2019

Mater. Tehnol.

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The work deals with the effect of the ECAP treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AA2030 alloy. There were four cycles of deformation in the 105°-tool for pre-annealed samples, which ensured the preparation of an ultrafine-grained structure, both along the Bc route and along the C route. The average grain size after four cycles of ECAP was 420 nm for the samples treated along the Bc route and 380 nm for the samples treated along the C route. In the structure of the metal, there were inclusions of Al20Cu2Mn3, the q-phase and Al7Cu3Fe. After three cycles of the ECAP treatment, the alloy was hardened by 54 % along the Bc route and 60 % along the C route compared with the annealed condition. The overall increase in the microhardness was 138 % for the samples treated along the Bc route and 113 % for the samples treated along the C route. Because of prolonged aging, the number of dispersoids increased at room temperature, long rod-like inclusions transformed into more favourable short ones with a length of up to 150 nm, and partial dissolution of the q-phase was observed. After the aging, the grain boundaries were predominantly equilibrium, thin, without the moire contrast, and a rearrangement of dislocation walls into subgrain boundaries was found. In addition, after the prolonged natural aging, large grains with non-equilibrium boundaries fragmented into subgrains with sizes of 100-300 nm.

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A Study on the Surface Integrity of 50CrMnMoVNb Spring Steels with Different Matrix Strengths Processed by Shot Peening

Ren

Wang

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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The surface integrity of structural materials after surface mechanical strengthening has a significant effect on service performance. Herein, the 50CrMnMoVNb spring steels with different microstructures and strengths are surface strengthened by shot peening (SP) with the same parameter, and the effect of matrix strength on surface integrity, including the roughness, residual stress, and gradient structure, is systematically studied. The experimental results show that both the line roughness and surface roughness decrease with the increase in matrix strength; the microhardness enhancement at the topmost surface layer and thickness of gradient layer decrease with the increase in matrix strength, whereas the surface residual stress and the maximum compressive residual stress display an increasing trend with the increase in matrix strength, and both the depth at the maximum compressive residual stress and the thickness of compressive residual stress zone are stable with a value of ≈75 and ≈300 μm, respectively. Inspired by these results and discussions, the surface integrity of the shot peened (SPed) metallic materials would be improved greatly by composition adjustment and microstructure optimization to regulate the matrix strength, as well as the SP process optimization.

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Ultrafine gradient microstructure induced by severe plastic deformation under sliding contact conditions in copper

Cited by 27 publications

References 80 publications

Surface Nanostructuring of a CuAlBe Shape Memory Alloy Produces a 10.3 ± 0.6 GPa Nanohardness Martensite Microstructure

Surface Nanostructuring of a CuAlBe Shape Memory Alloy Produces a 10.3 ± 0.6 GPa Nanohardness Martensite Microstructure

ECAP-treated aluminium alloy AA2030: microstructure and mechanical properties

A Study on the Surface Integrity of 50CrMnMoVNb Spring Steels with Different Matrix Strengths Processed by Shot Peening

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