Ultrafast Magnetization Manipulation Using Single Femtosecond Light and Hot‐Electron Pulses

Xu, Yong; Deb, Marwan; Malinowski, Grégory; Hehn, Michel; Zhao, Weisheng; Mangin, Stéphane

doi:10.1002/adma.201703474

Cited by 91 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the minimum threshold fluence is found to be close to the compensation point. These findings are in agreement with the experiments [11]. From the phase diagram we can conclude that in order to switch the alloy, a significant magnetization compensation is necessary.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Comparing all-optical switching in synthetic-ferrimagnetic multilayers and alloys

et al. 2019

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We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of all-optical switching by single femtosecond laser pulses. Our experimental results demonstrate that, unlike rare earth-transition metal ferrimagnetic alloys, Pt/Co/[Ni/Co] N /Gd can be switched in the absence of a magnetization compensation temperature, indicative for strikingly different switching conditions. In order to understand the underlying mechanism, we model the laser-induced magnetization dynamics in Co/Gd bilayers and GdCo alloys on an equal footing, using an extension of the microscopic threetemperature model to multiple magnetic sublattices and including exchange scattering. In agreement with our experimental observations, the model shows that Co/Gd bilayers can be switched for an arbitrary thickness of the Co layer, i.e, even far away from compensating the total Co and Gd magnetic moment. We identify the switching mechanism in Co/Gd bilayers as a front of reversed Co magnetization that nucleates at the Co/Gd interface and propagates through the Co layer driven by exchange scattering. arXiv:1908.07292v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Comparing all-optical switching in synthetic-ferrimagnetic multilayers and alloys

et al. 2019

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“…More importantly, simulations based on hot electron ballistic transport, implemented within a microscopic model that accounts for the local dissipation of angular momentum, nicely reproduce the experimental results, ruling out the contribution of pure thermal transport [123]. Moreover, by replacing the [Co/Pt] layer by a GdFeCo layer, GdFeCo magnetization switching using ultrafast hot electron pulses and without direct light interaction was demonstrated [124]. These findings confirm the work reported by Wilson et al [125].…”

Section: Institut Jean Lamour Umr 7198 Cnrs -Université De Lorrainesupporting

confidence: 79%

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap

Sander

Valenzuela

Makarov

et al. 2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

323

207

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Building upon the success and relevance of the 2014 Magnetism Roadmap, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap edition follows a similar general layout, even if its focus is naturally shifted, and a different group of experts and, thus, viewpoints are being collected and presented. More importantly, key developments have changed the research landscape in very relevant ways, so that a novel view onto some of the most crucial developments is warranted, and thus, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap article is a timely endeavour. The change in landscape is hereby not exclusively scientific, but also reflects the magnetism related industrial application portfolio. Specifically, Hard Disk Drive technology, which still dominates digital storage and will continue to do so for many years, if not decades, has now limited its footprint in the scientific Topical ReviewOriginal content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. and research community, whereas significantly growing interest in magnetism and magnetic materials in relation to energy applications is noticeable, and other technological fields are emerging as well. Also, more and more work is occurring in which complex topologies of magnetically ordered states are being explored, hereby aiming at a technological utilization of the very theoretical concepts that were recognised by the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics.Given this somewhat shifted scenario, it seemed appropriate to select topics for this Roadmap article that represent the three core pillars of magnetism, namely magnetic materials, magnetic phenomena and associated characterization techniques, as well as applications of magnetism. While many of the contributions in this Roadmap have clearly overlapping relevance in all three fields, their relative focus is mostly associated to one of the three pillars. In this way, the interconnecting roles of having suitable magnetic materials, understanding (and being able to characterize) the underlying physics of their behaviour and utilizing them for applications and devices is well illustrated, thus giving an accurate snapshot of the world of magnetism in 2017.The article consists of 14 sections, each written by an expert in the field and addressing a specific subject on two pages. Evidently, the depth at which each contribution can describe the subject matter is limited and a full review of their statuses, advances, challenges and perspectives cannot be fully accomplished. Also, magnetism, as a vibrant research field, is too diverse, so that a number of areas will not be adequately represented here, leaving space for further Roadmap editions in the future. However, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap article can provide a frame that will enable the reader to judge where each subject and magnetism research field stands overall today and which directions it might take in the foreseeable future.The first mater...

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“…These theoretical results predict a magnetization change that is 500 times smaller than that observed by experiment (red points in Figure b), strongly suggesting that the influence of spin‐lattice relaxation on Fe 3 O 4 magnetization is negligible under our conditions. We further note that the power used in our experiment ( P ≈ mW) was several orders of magnitude lower than what has been used in previous studies ( P ≈ MW) whereby the spin‐lattice relaxation played a dominant role in changing the materials' magnetization . All these aforementioned distinctions between the theoretical simulation and the experimental measurements confirm that the observed photomagnetism in Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles is not attributable to spin‐lattice relaxation.…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

Persistent Photomagnetism in Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

DuChene

Puretzky

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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phenomenon. [12][13][14][15] However, no experimental evidence was provided to exclude the light-induced photothermal effect and incontrovertibly demonstrate the existence of light-induced spin transitions in these metal-oxide systems. More importantly, it is noted that the photogenerated electrons in transition metal oxides are free to roam within the solid, [16,17] preventing them from directly altering the metal centers' spin configuration via localization on a single atomic site. This fundamental difference between material systems casts doubt over the validity of adopting the steady-state spin transition theory to describe photomagnetism in nanoparticlebased magnets.In this contribution, we examined the magnetic response of superparamagnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles following photoexcitation and found that the exciton-spin exchange-coupling interaction is the primary mechanism by which this archetypal transition metal oxide exhibits photomagnetism. Studying the photomagnetic response at temperatures below the blocking temperature under various external fields revealed that the exciton-spin exchange-coupling interaction reduces the magnetic energy barrier governing spin-flip transitions within iron oxide nanoparticles, allowing an optically driven magnetic phase transition from ferrimagnetic to superparamagnetic when held in their "blocked" state and a corresponding decrease in their saturation magnetization. Further investigation showed a significant decrease in photomagnetism as the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle size was increased, pinpointing the critical role of restricting the nanoparticle's magnetic anisotropy in enabling photomagnetism. Significantly, we have excluded light-induced photothermal heating as the source of photomagnetism in Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles by comparing experimentally measured magnetization changes with those predicted from theoretical simulations based on a photothermal mechanism. Taken together, our findings provide fundamental insights into the origin of photomagnetism in transition metal oxides and establish a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism that regulates the light-induced spin dynamics in iron oxide nanoparticles.High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals that spherical nanoparticles were produced with an average size of 7.0 ± 1.0 nm (Figure 1a, also see Figure S1a,b in the Supporting Information). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Using light irradiation to manipulate magnetization over a prolonged period of time offers a wealth of opportunities for spin-based electronics and photonics. To date, persistent photomagnetism has been frequently reported in spin systems composed of molecular magnets; yet this phenomenon is rarely observed in nanoparticle-based systems comprised of transition metal oxides. Here, detailed studies of persistent photomagnetism in superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles at temperatures below their blocking temperature are presented and it is demonstrated that the magnetization change does not occur through stea...

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Ultrafast Magnetization Manipulation Using Single Femtosecond Light and Hot‐Electron Pulses

Cited by 91 publications

References 34 publications

Comparing all-optical switching in synthetic-ferrimagnetic multilayers and alloys

Comparing all-optical switching in synthetic-ferrimagnetic multilayers and alloys

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap

Persistent Photomagnetism in Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

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