Ultra-compact dual-polarization silicon mode-order converter

Jia, Hao; Chen, Haoxiang; Yang, Jianhong; Xiao, Huifu; Chen, Wenping; Tian, Yonghui

doi:10.1364/ol.44.004179

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As a miniaturized and integrated laser, waveguide laser has a waveguide structure that can be used as both resonator and gain medium. [574] In view of this feature, it has lower threshold and higher slope efficiency than the fiber-/solid-state lasers. Similarly, it has two modes of operation: continuous wave and pulse.…”

Section: Waveguide/disk Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this section, we focus on two types of lasers: waveguide lasers and disk lasers. As a miniaturized and integrated laser, waveguide laser has a waveguide structure that can be used as both resonator and gain medium . In view of this feature, it has lower threshold and higher slope efficiency than the fiber‐/solid‐state lasers.…”

Section: Versatile Pulsed Lasers Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

408

197

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In recent years, 2D layered materials, including graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and metal‐organic frameworks, have attracted considerable interest due to their potential applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and energy. Their rise in the field of nonlinear photonics began around 2009 and has become an important research direction. Here, the synthesis techniques, nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and device applications of layered materials are reviewed. In terms of nonlinear optical properties, the focus is on saturable absorption and Kerr nonlinearity. On this basis, their applications in various pulsed lasers, including fiber lasers, solid‐state lasers, waveguide lasers, and related nonlinear optical phenomenon, are summarized. In addition, novel optical devices using layered materials, such as optical modulators, optical polarizers, optical switchers, and even all‐optical device, are also involved. It is believed that the development of 2D layered materials in the field of photonics will continue to deepen, thus laying a good foundation for its practical application.

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Section: Waveguide/disk Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Versatile Pulsed Lasers Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

408

197

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“…[28,29] Especially, for mode multiplexing, all-dielectric multifunctional metasurfaces have been explored for free-space or waveguide mode conversion in optical communications. [30][31][32] While in the terahertz band, only mono-functional phase plates were proposed to convert Gaussian fundamental modes to high-order modes. [33] Furthermore, the metasurface based multiplexers could also be used in terahertz imaging [34] and holography [35] for manipulating wave front.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional All‐Dielectric Metasurfaces for Terahertz Multiplexing

Liu

Yang

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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Among these multiplexing schemes, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) spatial multiplexing [8] technology is supposed to be a promising candidate in the terahertz band. The data streams can be transferred in parallel channels simultaneously by antenna array at transmitting and receiving terminals. However, limited by the size and high costs of terahertz antennas, it is still a challenge to realize space multiplexing directly by the antenna array. Instead, high-speed terahertz data transmission could draw lessons from the mode division multiplexing [9] technique, which has been applied in optical communications that uses the orthogonal modes in the fiber as independent channels to transmit data. While for wireless communications, there is not only the fundamental free space mode but also other high order modes, corresponding to the fundamental Gaussian beam and Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams, respectively, which have been employed in near-field optical imaging, [10] laser communications, [11] and optical communications. [12] The high-order HG modes could be employed as independent channels that resemble the linear polarized modes existing in optical fiber communications, realizing the mode division multiplexing in free-space terahertz communications.However, as the key components in the mode division multiplexing technique, conventional mode conversion and multiplexing devices [13,14] based on natural materials are difficult to simultaneously control the polarization states and the transverse modes. The advance of metasurfaces composed of one or a few layers of artificial resonant meta-atoms provides the solutions to overcome these limitations. Metasurfaces created by periodic lattices of subwavelength meta-atoms can manipulate light with precise control of phase, amplitude, polarization, and momentum. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Recently, by giving full play to the modulation freedom of the meta-atoms, it has received more attentions to encode several distinct functionalities in a single metasurface. Until now, these multifunctional metasurfaces have been introduced to realize polarization/wavelengthselective holograms, [22] achromatic devices, [23] vortex beam generators, [24] Huygens surfaces, [25] and frequency mixers. [26] Obviously, multifunctional metasurfaces can replace many common functional devices to simplify the complexity of systems. [27] For example, by integrating an extra meta-axicon or meta-lens phase arrangement into a metasurface design, one Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams, corresponding to high-order transverse modes, reveal a great potential in the space division multiplexing in optical and wireless communications. Higher data rates are made possible by the introduction of multiplexing, which is critical for next-generation wireless communications working at terahertz frequency. Here, the multifunctional all-dielectric metasurfaces are studied both theoretically and experimentally to implement terahertz mode and polarization division multiplexing. Terahertz incidence with fundamental Gaussian mod...

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“…Scalability to more mode count for MDM system with existing ME devices remains to be demonstrated. Recently, an ultra-compact two-mode ME has been also demonstrated using metasurfaces [30], [31] on SOI platform. However, the crosstalk performance is limited to approximately -8 dB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable and Low Crosstalk Silicon Mode Exchanger for Mode Division Multiplexing System Enabled by Inverse Design

Zhang

Liboiron-Ladouceur

2021

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this paper, we design and experimentally demonstrate a two-mode and three-mode mode exchanger (ME) using an inverse design method. The designed MEs provide more flexibility for mode division multiplexing (MDM) system links. The optimized designs are compact, 16 µm 2 and 24 µm 2 for the two-mode and three-mode ME, respectively. During the optimization process, the fabrication imperfection tolerance, insertion loss (IL), and crosstalk performance are optimized. Considering the symmetry of these devices, some forward and adjoint simulations are reused. Thus, only N simulations per iteration are required for N mode ME even considering crosstalk in the figure of merit (FOM). The fabricated two-mode ME exhibits IL less than 0.52 dB within the wavelength range from 1500 nm to 1600 nm. The corresponding crosstalk is at most -18.5 dB within the same wavelength range. The 2 × 10 Gbps non-return to zero (NRZ) PRBS-31 payload transmission shows clear and open eye diagrams for all output modes. A three-mode ME is also experimentally demonstrated validating the scalability using inverse design for adaptable ME devices. The fabricated three-mode ME exhibits an IL less than 0.85 dB and 0.9 dB for the conversions from TE0 to TE1 and from TE1 to TE0, while the TE2 to TE2 transmission has an IL of 1.7 dB within the same wavelength range. The crosstalk is less than -16.5 for all three output modes with 3 × 10 Gbps NRZ open eye diagrams.

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Ultra-compact dual-polarization silicon mode-order converter

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Multifunctional All‐Dielectric Metasurfaces for Terahertz Multiplexing

Scalable and Low Crosstalk Silicon Mode Exchanger for Mode Division Multiplexing System Enabled by Inverse Design

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