Ulcerative colitis in the guinea-pig caused by seaweed extract

Watt, J.; Marcus, R

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1969.tb08372.x

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…After 20 days, two of four treated animals had ulcerative lesions in the caecum, and the remaining six animals had lesions at 30 days. The control group remained healthy (Watt and Marcus 1969). It was reported in a brief letter that 5% iota-carrageenan in the diet had the same effect (Sharratt et al 1970).…”

Section: Short-term Studies Of Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 90%

Carrageenan: a review

Nečas¹,

2013

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Carrageenan is a natural carbohydrate (polysaccharide) obtained from edible red seaweeds. The name Carrageenan is derived from the Chondrus crispus species of seaweed known as Carrageen Moss or Irish Moss in England, and Carraigin in Ireland. Carraigin has been used in Ireland since 400 AD as a gelatin and as a home remedy to cure coughs and colds. It grows along the coasts of North America and Europe. Carrageenans are used in a variety of commercial applications as gelling, thickening, and stabilising agents, especially in food products and sauces. Aside from these functions, carrageenans are used in experimental medicine, pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and industrial applications.Keywords: carrageenan; pharmacokinetics; toxicity; biological activity List of abbreviations 3,6-AG = 3,6, anhydro-galactose, 5-HT = 5-hydroxytryptamine, 6-APA = 6-amino penicillanic acid, ADI = acceptable daily intake, AG = amino guanidine, AIDS = acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AT-III = anti-thrombin-III, bw = body weight, COX-2 = cyclooxygenase-2, eNOS = endothelial nitric oxide synthase, FAO = food and agriculture organization, HC-II = heparin co-factor II, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, HPV = human papilloma virus, HSV = herpes simplex virus, IFAC = international food additives council, iNOS = inducible nitric oxide synthase, JECFA = Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, L-NMMA = NG-monomethyl-l-arginine, nNOS = neuronal nitric oxide synthase, NO = nitric oxide, NOS = nitric oxide synthase, NSAIDs = non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, PGs = prostaglandins, SSL = sodium stearoyl lactylate, TNF-α = tumour necrosis factor-α

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Section: Short-term Studies Of Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 90%

Carrageenan: a review

Nečas¹,

2013

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“…Although some studies disagree (see Table S), it is now recognized that the effects of carrageenan need to be distinguished between native and degraded polymers. With few exceptions Watt and Marcus 1969;Watanabe et al 1978;Marcus et al 1983), native carrageenans (food-grade) fail to induce symptoms of ulcerative colitis in experimental animals (Table 5). Conversely, degraded carrageenans induce colorectal ulcerations in laboratory animals.…”

Section: Carrageenans and Ulcerative Colitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestive fates of soluble polysaccharides from marine macroalgae: involvement of the colonic microflora and physiological consequences for the host

Michel

Macfarlane

1996

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…Several reports since 1969 Watt and Marcus, 1969;1970a;1970b) have linked ingestion of hydrolyzed low molecular weight carrageenan to ulcerative colitis and other tissue changes in some species of laboratory animals.…”

Section: Incriminating Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

A Scientific Status Summary by the Institute of Food Technologists' Expert Panel on Food Safety and Nutrition

1973

Journal of Food Science

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Ulcerative colitis in the guinea-pig caused by seaweed extract

Cited by 60 publications

References 2 publications

Carrageenan: a review

Carrageenan: a review

Digestive fates of soluble polysaccharides from marine macroalgae: involvement of the colonic microflora and physiological consequences for the host

A Scientific Status Summary by the Institute of Food Technologists' Expert Panel on Food Safety and Nutrition

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