UHTCs: Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Materials for Extreme Environment Applications

Wuchina, Eric; Opila, Elizabeth J.; Opeka, Mark M.; Fahrenholtz, William G.; Talmy, Inna G.

doi:10.1149/2.f04074if

Cited by 530 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…○ C (sometimes 3000 K). [1,2] These materials are relevant mainly for applications which operate at extremely high temperatures (e.g., T 2000 ○ C) and for short times (typically in the order of minutes, sometimes few hours). Within this context (and due to reasons discussed in some detail below), borides, carbides and nitrides of group 4 transition metals are considered to be typical UHTCs, as they offer the fundamental advantage not to melt at these tremendously high temperatures.…”

Section: Introduction 1definitions Terms and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Derived Ultra‐High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) and Related Materials

et al. 2019

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Ultra‐high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) represent an emerging class of materials capable of providing mechanical stability and heat dissipation upon operation in extreme environments, e.g., extreme heat fluxes, chemically reactive plasma conditions. In the last few decades, remarkable research efforts and progress were done concerning the physical properties of UHTCs as well as their processing. Moreover, there are vivid research activities related to developing synthetic access pathways to UHTCs and related materials with high purity, tunable composition, nano‐scaled morphology, or improved sinterability. Among them, synthesis methods considering preceramic polymers as suitable precursors to UHTCs have received increased attention in the last few years. As these synthesis techniques allow the processing of UHTCs from the liquid phase, they are highly interesting, e.g., for the fabrication of ultra‐high temperature ceramic composites (UHT CMCs), additive manufacturing of UHTCs, etc. In the present review, UHTCs are in particular discussed within the context of their physical properties as well as energetics. Moreover, various synthesis methods using preceramic polymers to access UHTCs and related materials (i.e., (nano)composites thereof with silica former phases) are summarized and critically evaluated.

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Section: Introduction 1definitions Terms and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Derived Ultra‐High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) and Related Materials

et al. 2019

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“…The number of materials that can be used as TBCs for extreme environments is restricted due to some critical requirements: (i) good thermal insulation, i.e., low thermal conductivity and low transparency to thermal radiation, (ii) high melting point, (iii) chemical inertness, (iv) no phase transformation between room temperature and operation temperature, (v) high thermal expansion to reduce thermal stress, (vi) good match with underlying metallic substrate and thermally grown oxide, (vii) hot corrosion resistance and (viii) erosion resistance. Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTC) displaying a unique set of properties, including extremely high melting temperatures (close to 3000 • C), such as carbides, nitrides, borides, and special oxides of the transition metals are promising candidates for thermal protection systems (TPS) [99,100]. For all the mentioned materials for application as TBCs, the thermal conductivity is a critical parameter that serves the main purpose, namely to reduce the surface temperature of the coated element [101].…”

Section: Thermal Barrier Coatings For Ni-based Superalloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Raw Materials Saving by Protective Coatings under Extreme Conditions: A Review of Last Trends in Alloys and Coatings for Aerospace Engine Applications

et al. 2021

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Several applications where extreme conditions occur require the use of alloys often containing many critical elements. Due to the ever increasing prices of critical raw materials (CRMs) linked to their high supply risk, and because of their fundamental and large utilization in high tech products and applications, it is extremely important to find viable solutions to save CRMs usage. Apart from increasing processes’ efficiency, substitution, and recycling, one of the alternatives to preserve an alloy and increase its operating lifetime, thus saving the CRMs needed for its manufacturing, is to protect it by a suitable coating or a surface treatment. This review presents the most recent trends in coatings for application in high temperature alloys for aerospace engines. CRMs’ current and future saving scenarios in the alloys and coatings for the aerospace engine are also discussed. The overarching aim of this paper is to raise awareness on the CRMs issue related to the alloys and coating for aerospace, suggesting some mitigation measures without having the ambition nor to give a complete overview of the topic nor a turnkey solution.

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“…This microwave kiln was utilised in combination with a commercially available 2.5 GHz microwave oven with a maximum operating power of 1 kW. Since microwave processing of material happens at relatively high temperatures ([ 1100°C), high-temperature materials like carbon or silicon carbide [56,57] need to be used as crucibles, both of which are also excellent susceptor materials themselves and therefore support the heating process.…”

Section: Microwave Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacture of glass and mirrors from lunar regolith simulant

et al. 2018

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Future planetary surface missions to the Moon or Mars, for example, can be augmented by the use of local materials, in order to reduce launch mass and expand mission capability. Using lunar regolith simulant and heating it within a susceptor-assisted microwave oven, it was possible to manufacture a variety of basaltic glasses. Furthermore, it was possible to shape these glasses by grinding and polishing the surface flat and smooth. Glasses manufactured from different lunar regolith simulants were coated with aluminium or silver, and the reflective properties of the resulting mirrors and uncoated surfaces were measured. It was shown that with a porous and/or smooth surface finish, mirrors could be made that reflect the incident solar light (400 nm-1250 nm) in-between 30% for the worst and 85% for the best samples. The same samples with uncoated surfaces showed to reflect less than 7% of incident solar light in the same wavelength range.

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UHTCs: Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Materials for Extreme Environment Applications

Abstract: 3000°C. That’s not just hot … it’s EXTREMELY hot. It is above the melting or decomposition temperatures for most of the materials known to man. But in the world of extreme environment engineering, it is just a baseline.

Cited by 530 publications

References 22 publications

Polymer‐Derived Ultra‐High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) and Related Materials

Polymer‐Derived Ultra‐High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) and Related Materials

Critical Raw Materials Saving by Protective Coatings under Extreme Conditions: A Review of Last Trends in Alloys and Coatings for Aerospace Engine Applications

Manufacture of glass and mirrors from lunar regolith simulant

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