Types of Reactions in Punishment Situations in the Mother -Child Relationship

A review of children's reports of parent behaviors.

“…Parents may also be defined or described in noninteractional terms; it is likely that a different universe of behaviors would emerge under these conditions. In the studies reviewed in the preceding section, several classes of such variables were studied: children's reports of parental social and economic sex role (Finch, 19SS;Meltzer, 1943), evaluation of parental competence and emotional security (Kagan & Lemkin, 1960;Rosen, 1964;Shapiro, 19S7;Stott, 1940), symbolic conceptualization of parents (Kagan, Hoskin, & Watson, 1961), maternal defensive reaction (Morgan & Gaier, 1957), and causes of parental emotional expression (Cummings, 1952). In summary, it does not appear that investigators exhausted the realm of perceived parent-child variables.…”

Parental and home influences on child behavior and development.

“…Mothers of children nine to twelve years of age have very different perceptions of their respective roles in the punishment situation (Morgan and Gaier,83,84). (See Figure 15.4 for test materials employed in these studies.)…”