Type D personality predicts poor medication adherence in myocardial infarction patients

Williams, Lynn; O’Connor, Rory C.; Grubb, Neil R.; O’Carroll, Ronan E.

doi:10.1080/08870446.2010.488265

Cited by 85 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, to-date the small number of studies that have analysed Type D as a continuous variable, and controlled for its constituent elements [11,15,16], have found no effect of Type D outcome (with the exception of one study that found that negative affectivity × social inhibition predicted medication adherence after controlling for the main effects of negative affectivity and social inhibition [29]). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type D personality and three-month psychosocial outcomes among patients post-myocardial infarction

Williams

O’Connor

Grubb

et al. 2012

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Objective: Type D personality has been proposed as a risk factor for poor prognosis in cardiac patients. Recent studies which have adopted a dimensional approach to Type D (negative affectivity × social inhibition) found no effect of Type D on mortality, after controlling for its constituent elements. To-date, no study has determined if Type D is associated with psychosocial outcomes in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients when conceptualised as a dimensional variable. Methods: Participants were 192 MI patients (138 males, 54 females, mean age 66.0 years) who provided demographic and clinical information, and completed measures of Type D one-week post-MI. Three months later, 131 of these MI patients completed measures of disability and quality of life. Results: Using regression analyses, adjusted for demographic and clinical data, Type D emerged as a significant predictor of disability and quality of life in MI patients, when analysed using the traditional categorical approach. However, Type D did not predict disability and quality of life when it was analysed using the interaction of negative affectivity and social inhibition. Negative affect emerged as a significant predictor of both disability (β=.433, t(130) = 3.53, p b .01), and quality of life (β= − .624, t(130) = − 5.68, p b .001). Conclusions:The results suggest that Type D is not associated with short-term psychosocial outcome in MI patients, after controlling for its constituent elements. However, negative affect was significantly associated with both disability and quality of life. Future research should conceptualise Type D as the interaction between negative affectivity and social inhibition, rather than as a typology.© 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. IntroductionThe Type D construct describes individuals who simultaneously experience high levels of negative affectivity and high levels of social inhibition [1]. Type D individuals are, therefore, thought to experience negative emotions (such as anxiety, sadness, anger etc.) across time and situations and inhibit the expression of these emotions in social interactions due to fears of how others may react. Crucially, it is the synergistic effect of high scores on both stable personality traits, negative affectivity and social inhibition, which has been proposed as the key feature of the Type D construct, suggesting that it is not merely the presence of negative emotions that should be considered as a risk factor but also how an individual copes with these negative emotions [2].The first studies carried out on the Type D construct [1,3,4] demonstrated that Type D is associated with a four-fold increased risk of mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, independent of traditional biomedical risk factors. In addition, a further study demonstrated that Type D CHD patients had a four-fold risk of major cardiac events over five years, independent of disease severity [5]. Similar findings were demonstrated in recent studies which demonstrated a comparable relationship between Type D and ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type D personality and three-month psychosocial outcomes among patients post-myocardial infarction

Williams

O’Connor

Grubb

et al. 2012

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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“…believing that a treatment will be less effective could lead to medication non-adherence [13]). These findings on illness perceptions fit with previous research that has identified a relationship between Type D and unhealthy behaviour [10], and medication non-adherence [13] illness perceptions were measured using the Brief IPQ and it remains to be determined if similar findings would result using the full IPQ-R. Third, the participants represented a non-consecutive sample; however, we do not believe that this had an impact in terms of selection bias, as the same inclusion criteria were applied to all potential participants. Finally, it may also be considered a limitation that we have not assessed the potential moderating effects of depression and anxiety on the relationship between Type D and illness perceptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavioural mechanisms which may explain the negative effect of Type D on clinical outcome include engaging in an unhealthy lifestyle [10], sub-optimal consultation behaviour with medical staff [11,12], and poor adherence to medication [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type D personality and illness perceptions in myocardial infarction patients

Williams

O’Connor

Grubb

et al. 2011

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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“…Previous research has observed that Type D personality is associated with adverse health outcomes in coronary heart disease, characterised by recurrent coronary events. For example, Type D status has been associated with mortality (Denollet et al, 1996), recurrent myocardial infarction (Denollet et al, 2000), treatment non-adherence (Williams et al, 2011) and depression (Denollet & Brutsaert, 1998) in coronary patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type D personality and cardiovascular reactivity to an ecologically valid multitasking stressor

Kelly-Hughes¹,

Wetherell²,

Smith³

2014

Psychology & Health

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Previous research investigating the influence of Type D personality on cardiovascular reactivity to stress in healthy young adults is somewhat mixed. The present study sought to investigate this question using an ecologically valid laboratory stressor. Beat-to-beat blood pressure and heart rate were measured in 77 healthy young adults during exposure to multitasking stress. Mood and background stress were both associated with Type D personality when Type D was conceptualised as a dimensional construct, with less robust findings observed using the traditional dichotomous typological approach. However, the continuous Type D construct added limited predictive value of the self-report measures above that of its constituent components, negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI).Further, an inverse relationship between the continuous Type D construct and blood pressure reactivity to multitasking stress was observed. In summary, our findings suggest that Type D personality is predictive of blunted cardiovascular reactivity to stress in healthy individuals when Type D is considered as a dimensional construct and the independent influence of NA and SI is controlled for. Further, our findings suggest that Type D does not predict additional variance in mood and background stress above that of NA and SI when these constituent factors are considered independently.

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Type D personality predicts poor medication adherence in myocardial infarction patients

Cited by 85 publications

References 25 publications

Type D personality and three-month psychosocial outcomes among patients post-myocardial infarction

Type D personality and three-month psychosocial outcomes among patients post-myocardial infarction

Type D personality and illness perceptions in myocardial infarction patients

Type D personality and cardiovascular reactivity to an ecologically valid multitasking stressor

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