Type 2 immunity: a two-edged sword in schistosomiasis immunopathology

Aziz, Nada Abdel; Musaigwa, Fungai; Mosala, Paballo; Berkiks, Inssaf; Brombacher, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.it.2022.06.005

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Soluble egg antigens (SEA) are strong inducers of type 2 immunity [ 14 , 15 ]. Thus, with the onset of the egg deposition, the immune response begins a progressive switch towards a T helper type 2 (Th2) profile, characterized by the presence of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, together with the active production of immunoglobulin E [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 16 ].…”

Section: Immunopathology Of Schistosoma Mansoni In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis Mansoni-Recruited Eosinophils: An Overview in the Granuloma Context

et al. 2022

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Eosinophils are remarkably recruited during schistosomiasis mansoni, one of the most common parasitic diseases worldwide. These cells actively migrate and accumulate at sites of granulomatous inflammation termed granulomas, the main pathological feature of this disease. Eosinophils colonize granulomas as a robust cell population and establish complex interactions with other immune cells and with the granuloma microenvironment. Eosinophils are the most abundant cells in granulomas induced by Schistosoma mansoni infection, but their functions during this disease remain unclear and even controversial. Here, we explore the current information on eosinophils as components of Schistosoma mansoni granulomas in both humans and natural and experimental models and their potential significance as central cells triggered by this infection.

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Section: Immunopathology Of Schistosoma Mansoni In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis Mansoni-Recruited Eosinophils: An Overview in the Granuloma Context

et al. 2022

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“…Schistosomiasis is an important but often neglected tropical disease that poses a serious threat to the health of more than 250 million people worldwide [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Schistosomiasis is mainly caused by Schistosoma hematobium , S. mansoni , and S. japonicum [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knocking Down Gm16685 Decreases Liver Granuloma in Murine Schistosomiasis Japonica

et al. 2023

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate key genes and pathways in liver disease development. Moreover, macrophages are speculated to play an important role in regulating granulomatous inflammation during schistosomiasis. However, the role of lncRNAs in the formation of liver granulomas by influencing the polarization of macrophages in Schistosoma japonicum infection is unclear. Our study aimed to determine whether lncRNAs can play a role in S. japonicum-induced hepatic egg granulomas and elucidate their effect on macrophages. We established S. japonicum infection models and screened the target lncRNA Gm16685 highly expressed in schistosomiasis mice using high-throughput sequencing. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that the knockdown of Gm16685 reduced the area of egg granulomas. Moreover, M1 macrophage factor genes were significantly downregulated in Gm16685 knockdown livers. Meanwhile, M2 macrophage factor genes were significantly upregulated, which was consistent with the protein detection results. Hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and macrophages were isolated from mouse models infected with S. japonicum, with Gm16685 being significantly upregulated in macrophages. Moreover, the knockdown of Gm16685 in RAW264.7 cells revealed similar results to in liver tissue. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and nucleocytoplasmic separation experiments revealed that Gm16685 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm of cells. We found that miR-205-5p was upregulated after Gm16685 was knocked down. After overexpression of miR-205-5p, the expression of Gm16685 and inflammatory factors was significantly downregulated. These results indicate that Gm16685 can participate in the pathogenesis of hepatic disease in schistosomiasis and promote M1 macrophage polarization by regulating miR-205-5p. Thus, our study may provide a new target for schistosomiasis japonica treatment.

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“…Schistosomes are shed as larvae from Biomphalaria freshwater snails, infect humans by penetrating the skin, and can live in the circulation for decades (8), continuously laying eggs which lodge in liver, bladder, and other organs. Egg antigens trigger a Th2 response which dominates the chronic phase of the disease and is the main cause of pathology (1, 3, 9, 10). Several schistosomiasis symptoms including anemia, splenomegaly, and chronic inflammation suggest hematopoietic involvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vaccines are not available. Treatment can clear adult parasites but is ineffective against immature parasites, does not prevent reinfection, nor does it reverse multi-organ immunopathology (3). As a result, the chronic symptoms of schistosomiasis contribute substantially to the global disability burden, creating a cycle of poverty and infection (4)(5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth infection impacts hematopoiesis

Wijshake

Wang

Rose

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Helminth infections are common in animals. However, the impact of a helminth infection on the function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and other hematopoietic cells has not been comprehensively defined. Here we describe the hematopoietic response to infection of mice with Schistosoma mansoni, a parasitic flatworm which causes schistosomiasis. We analyzed the frequency or number of hematopoietic cell types in the bone marrow, spleen, liver, thymus, and blood, and observed multiple hematopoietic changes caused by infection. Schistosome infection impaired bone marrow HSC function after serial transplantation. Functional HSCs were present in the infected liver. Infection blocked bone marrow erythropoiesis and augmented spleen erythropoiesis, observations consistent with the anemia and splenomegaly prevalent in schistosomiasis patients. This work defines the hematopoietic response to schistosomiasis, a debilitating disease afflicting more than 200 million people, and identifies impairments in HSC function and erythropoiesis.

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Type 2 immunity: a two-edged sword in schistosomiasis immunopathology

Cited by 17 publications

References 98 publications

Schistosomiasis Mansoni-Recruited Eosinophils: An Overview in the Granuloma Context

Schistosomiasis Mansoni-Recruited Eosinophils: An Overview in the Granuloma Context

Knocking Down Gm16685 Decreases Liver Granuloma in Murine Schistosomiasis Japonica

Helminth infection impacts hematopoiesis

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