Two methods for setting child-focused tuberculosis care targets

Yuen, Courtney M.; Jenkins, Helen E.; Chang, Ray-E; Mpunga, James; Becerra, Mercedes C.

doi:10.5588/pha.16.0022

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Estimating the population attributable fraction of contact with a person with confirmed TB provides a novel approach for assessing the potential impact of TB chemoprophylaxis at the population level that might be applied to other settings. Our results from Kenya support recent global estimates of TB burden among child TB contacts ( 25 ). By demonstrating a large potential impact on childhood TB incidence, our findings provide further strong endorsement for existing policy recommendations for TB chemoprophylaxis ( 25 , 46 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…By using the number of KHDSS-resident adult cases reported to the National Tuberculosis Programme during the study period and the mean number of close contacts <5 years of age per case ( 25 ), we estimated the prevalence of household exposure to a person with confirmed TB among KHDSS-resident children <5 years of age. Using the contact status of CHPTB cases detected in the study, the child years at risk derived from the KHDSS census, and the exposure prevalence, we estimated the incidence of TB among contacts and noncontacts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prospective Observational Study of Incidence and Preventable Burden of Childhood Tuberculosis, Kenya

Brent¹,

Nyundo²,

Langat³

et al. 2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective Observational Study of Incidence and Preventable Burden of Childhood Tuberculosis, Kenya

Brent¹,

Nyundo²,

Langat³

et al. 2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…5 This is a significant development and one that could be used by local clinic staff, district TB managers, national TB managers and global TB experts to improve the care of children exposed to TB. Not only does knowing the expected number of children that require screening and treatment help to inform resource planning, it also allows an assessment of the programme.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeless shelter context and tuberculosis illness experiences during a large outbreak in Atlanta, Georgia

Seddon

2017

public health action

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“…We used a method previously published by Yuen et al to estimate the number of children who could be diagnosed with MDR-TB if household contact investigations were performed around all adults currently being treated for MDR-TB 11 . As a starting point, we used country-level reports of the number of people started on MDR-TB treatment in 2015 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used boot strapping to calculate 95% uncertainty intervals. These methods are described in more detail elsewhere 11 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children

Jenkins

Yuen

2018

int j tuberc lung dis

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Background Childhood tuberculosis (TB) has been historically neglected, although in recent years there has been increased focus on this problem. In particular, there have been several efforts to estimate the pediatric multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden. Methods We review current estimates of the global incidence of pediatric MDR-TB disease. We then combine pediatric MDR-TB treatment data from the World Health Organization and recently published case fatality ratio estimates for children with TB to produce mortality estimates for children with MDR-TB. Finally, we combine treatment data and estimates of household size and disease risk to estimate how many children could be treated for presumptive MDR-TB by carrying out household contact investigations around adult MDR-TB patients. Results Between 25,000 and 32,000 children develop MDR-TB disease annually, accounting for around 3% of all pediatric TB cases. Only 3-4% of these children likely receive MDR-TB treatment. We estimate that around 22% of children developing MDR-TB disease will die. We estimate that carrying out household contact investigations around adult MDR-TB patients could find twelve times as many pediatric MDR-TB cases as are currently being identified. Discussion The diagnosis and treatment of children with MDR-TB needs to be prioritized by TB programs.

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Two methods for setting child-focused tuberculosis care targets

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Prospective Observational Study of Incidence and Preventable Burden of Childhood Tuberculosis, Kenya

Prospective Observational Study of Incidence and Preventable Burden of Childhood Tuberculosis, Kenya

Homeless shelter context and tuberculosis illness experiences during a large outbreak in Atlanta, Georgia

The burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children

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