Two-dimensional quantum transport in highly conductive carbon nanotube fibers

Piraux, Luc; Araujo, Flavio Abreu; Bui, Thanh Nhan; Otto, M.; Issi, J.‐P.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.92.085428

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The MR is defined as [R(H) − R(0)]/R(0), where H is the magnetic field and R(0) is the zero magnetic field resistance. The CNT fiber samples MF1, MF2 and MF3 show a negative MR that exhibits two-dimensional weak localization at low temperatures < 100 K, which is consistent with a previous report on spun CNT fibers 26 . These data are shown in Figure S3 and Figure S4 in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Mr At Low Temperaturessupporting

confidence: 91%

Metal nanofibrils embedded in long free-standing carbon nanotube fibers with a high critical current density

Rho

Park

et al. 2018

NPG Asia Mater

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With the growth of nanoelectronics, the importance of thermal management in device packaging and the improvement of high-current-carrying interconnects/wires for avoiding the premature failure of devices have been emphasized. The heat and electrical transport properties of the bulk may not be valid in the characterization of a material at the nanometer level, because the phenomena that occur at the interfaces and grain boundaries become dominant. The failure mechanism of bulk metal interconnects has been understood in the context of electromigration; however, in nanoscale materials, the effect of the heat dissipation that occurs at the nanointerfaces may play an important role. Here, we report the preparation of continuous carbon nanotube (CNT)-Cu composite fibers that possess Cu nanofibrillar structures with a high current-carrying capacity. Various-shaped CNT-Cu microfibers with different Cu grain morphologies were produced via Cu electroplating on continuous CNT fibers. Cu fibril structures were embedded in the voids inside the CNT fiber during the early stage of electrodeposition. The temperaturedependent and magnetic field-dependent electrical properties and the ampacity of the produced CNT-Cu microfibers were measured, and the failure mechanism of the fiber was discussed. The interconnection of Cu nanograins on the surface of the individual CNTs contributed to the enhancement in the charge-carrying ability of the fiber. The effective ampacity of the Cu nanofibrils was estimated to be~1 × 10 7 A/cm 2 , which is approximately 50 times larger than the ampacity measured for a bulk Cu microwire.

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Section: Mr At Low Temperaturessupporting

confidence: 91%

Metal nanofibrils embedded in long free-standing carbon nanotube fibers with a high critical current density

Rho

Park

et al. 2018

NPG Asia Mater

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“…While successful in describing magnetic field dependence, these listed studies did not quantitatively address, at least in detail, the significant [ 158,166,167 ] influence of resistive junctions between CNT structures on the bulk transport. It is unlikely that the small resistance contribution from weak localization and EEI, nor the too large contribution from hopping, [ 396 ] can explain the full resistance‐temperature dependence of ordered CNT materials, such as those shown in Figure 11b or other CNT transport studies with aligned microstructure [ 329,397,398 ] (particularly when doping influence has been removed [ 15 ] ).…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weak localization was first applied to the anomalous resistance increase when cooling thin film metals [385,386] and was next used to explain the resistance dependence on magnetic field is disordered graphite. [379,387,388] Later, weak localization explained the cryogenic magnetic field dependence of resistance for a variety of conductive polymers, [389,390] individual MWCNTs, [391] individual CNT bundles, [392,393] unaligned CNT materials, [172,309,394] aligned MWCNT [378] and FWCNT [309,395,396] materials. Some of these studies [378,389,390,395] also incorporated another transport mechanism, where electron-electron interaction (EEI) reduces the thermal electron diffusion through states near the Fermi energy, although was only applicable for temperatures less than 4 K. Generally, these studies demonstrated that weak localization and EEI were a small addition to the resistance, well within 5% of the unmodified resistance.…”

Section: Partitioning Of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Characteristics In A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta‐Analysis of Conductive and Strong Carbon Nanotube Materials

2021

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A study of 1304 data points collated over 266 papers statistically evaluates the relationships between carbon nanotube (CNT) material characteristics, including: electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties; ampacity; density; purity; microstructure alignment; molecular dimensions and graphitic perfection; and doping. Compared to conductive polymers and graphitic intercalation compounds, which have exceeded the electrical conductivity of copper, CNT materials are currently one‐sixth of copper's conductivity, mechanically on‐par with synthetic or carbon fibers, and exceed all the other materials in terms of a multifunctional metric. Doped, aligned few‐wall CNTs (FWCNTs) are the most superior CNT category; from this, the acid‐spun fiber subset are the most conductive, and the subset of fibers directly spun from floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition are strongest on a weight basis. The thermal conductivity of multiwall CNT material rivals that of FWCNT materials. Ampacity follows a diameter‐dependent power‐law from nanometer to millimeter scales. Undoped, aligned FWCNT material reaches the intrinsic conductivity of CNT bundles and single‐crystal graphite, illustrating an intrinsic limit requiring doping for copper‐level conductivities. Comparing an assembly of CNTs (forming mesoscopic bundles, then macroscopic material) to an assembly of graphene (forming single‐crystal graphite crystallites, then carbon fiber), the ≈1 µm room‐temperature, phonon‐limited mean‐free‐path shared between graphene, metallic CNTs, and activated semiconducting CNTs is highlighted, deemphasizing all metallic helicities for CNT power transmission applications.

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“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] As electrical and mechanical properties are expected to improve with CNT quality, solution spinning remains invaluable as the only large scale and continuous method to fabricate neat fibers from any CNT manufacturing source, and has been getting traction despite the inherent inconvenience of dealing with strong acids in a laboratory setting. [15][16][17][18]21] However, solution spinning requires at least one gram of CNT material and multiple spinning experiments must be run to optimize process variables (flow rate, concentration, draw ratio, etc. ), making the experimental process relatively time consuming and expensive when attempting to establish general relationships between CNT characteristics and fiber properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure–Property Relations in Carbon Nanotube Fibers by Downscaling Solution Processing

et al. 2018

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At the microscopic scale, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) combine impressive tensile strength and electrical conductivity; however, their macroscopic counterparts have not met expectations. The reasons are variously attributed to inherent CNT sample properties (diameter and helicity polydispersity, high defect density, insufficient length) and manufacturing shortcomings (inadequate ordering and packing), which can lead to poor transmission of stress and current. To efficiently investigate the disparity between microscopic and macroscopic properties, a new method is introduced for processing microgram quantities of CNTs into highly oriented and well-packed fibers. CNTs are dissolved into chlorosulfonic acid and processed into aligned films; each film can be peeled and twisted into multiple discrete fibers. Fibers fabricated by this method and solution-spinning are directly compared to determine the impact of alignment, twist, packing density, and length. Surprisingly, these discrete fibers can be twice as strong as their solution-spun counterparts despite a lower degree of alignment. Strength appears to be more sensitive to internal twist and packing density, while fiber conductivity is essentially equivalent among the two sets of samples. Importantly, this rapid fiber manufacturing method uses three orders of magnitude less material than solution spinning, expanding the experimental parameter space and enabling the exploration of unique CNT sources.

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Two-dimensional quantum transport in highly conductive carbon nanotube fibers

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Metal nanofibrils embedded in long free-standing carbon nanotube fibers with a high critical current density

Metal nanofibrils embedded in long free-standing carbon nanotube fibers with a high critical current density

A Meta‐Analysis of Conductive and Strong Carbon Nanotube Materials

Structure–Property Relations in Carbon Nanotube Fibers by Downscaling Solution Processing

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