Two cases of acute respiratory failure following SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in post‐COVID‐19 pneumonia

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is a very effective method of preventing infection and is recommended for people having recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 . In this novel case report, we describe two patients with post-COVID-19 pneumonia who experienced acute respiratory failure and new bilateral ground-glass opacities several days after receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Both patients were treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy and recovered from the disease successfully. Indeed, post-COVID-19 patients can gain benefits from the vaccine, but vaccination at the early stage of recovery from COVID-19 might be a risk for certain populations. These cases highlight a potential association between vaccination, interstitial lung disease and worsening of post-COVID-19 pneumonia. Further investigation and research examining the relationship between the timing of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and potential risks in post-COVID-19 patients is recommended.

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“…The third type, a recombinant new coronavirus vaccine [Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which are stably expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein], is produced by Zifivax using a protein to trigger an immune response ( 18 ). PiCoVacc9 and BBIBP-CorV10 are widely used, eliciting neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in mice, rats, and non-human primates, with the nonhuman primates in the high-dose group being fully protected from infection by SARS-CoV-2 with no antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) ( 18 , 32 ), while ADE has been observed in clinical cases ( 33 , 34 ). Evaluations of COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy have shown that vaccination can yield excellent efficacy against the original strain and some variants, while the risk of adverse events is acceptable ( 19 , 35 - 37 ).…”