Tunable Conducting Polymers: Toward Sustainable and Versatile Batteries

Jia, Xiaoteng; Yu, Ge; Shao, Liang; Wang, Caiyun; Wallace, Gordon G.

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02315

Cited by 110 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 207 publications

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“…Since the discovery of conductive polymers, extensive research has been conducted on these fascinating polymers and it has been found that conductive polymers not only deliver comparable conductivity to semiconductors or metal conductors but also provide redox activity as electrode materials. [ 31 ] In 1981, Heeger and coworkers first utilized conductive polymers as the electrode materials for LIBs, which initiated a boom in the research of conductive polymers in the battery field. [ 32 ] The widely researched conductive polymer cathode materials include polyacetylene, [ 33 ] polyaniline, [ 34 ] polypyrrole, [ 35 ] polythiophene, [ 36 ] and polyphenylene, [ 37 ] as shown in Figure 1a.…”

Section: Conductive Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Past, Present, and Future

Lyu

Sun

Dai

2020

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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With the rapid development of energy storage systems in power supplies and electrical vehicles, the search for sustainable cathode materials to enhance the energy density of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has become the focus in both academic and industrial studies. Currently, the widely utilized inorganic cathode materials suffer from drawbacks such as limited capacity, high energy consumption in production, safety hazards, and high‐cost raw materials. Therefore, it is necessary to develop green and sustainable cathode materials with higher specific capacity, better safety properties, and more abundant natural resources. As alternatives, organic cathode materials possess the advantages of high theoretical capacity, environmental friendliness, flexible structure design, systemic safety, and natural abundance, making them a promising class of energy storage materials. Herein, the development history of the organic cathode materials and recent research developments are reviewed, introducing several categories of typical organic compounds as cathode materials for LIBs, including conductive polymers, organosulfur compounds, radical compounds, carbonyl compounds, and imine compounds. The electrochemical performance, electrode reaction mechanism, and pros and cons of different organic cathode materials are comparatively analyzed to identify the challenges to be addressed. Finally, the future research and improvement directions of the organic cathode materials are also proposed.

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Section: Conductive Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Past, Present, and Future

Lyu

Sun

Dai

2020

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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“…Different conjugated polymers such as polythiophene [ 2 , 3 ], polypyrrole (PPy) [ 4 , 5 ], poly(3,ethylenendioxythiophene) (PEDOT) [ 6 , 7 ], and polyaniline (PANI) [ 8 , 9 ], have been explored as engineering polymers (multifunctional materials). Among the CPs, PPy and PANI are considered favorable materials for multiple applications, such as capacitors, redox capacitors, lithium-ion batteries, super-condensers, filtering membranes, water treatment, and biosensors [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CVD Conditions for MWCNTs Production and Their Effects on the Optical and Electrical Properties of PPy/MWCNTs, PANI/MWCNTs Nanocomposites by In Situ Electropolymerization

et al. 2021

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In this work, the optimal conditions of synthesizing and purifying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from ferrocene were selected at the first stage, where decomposition time, argon fluxes, precursor amounts, decomposition temperature (at 1023 K and 1123 K), and purification process (HNO3 + H2SO4 or HCl + H2O2), were modulated through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and compared to commercial CNTs. The processing temperature at 1123 K and the treatment with HCl + H2O2 were key parameters influencing the purity, crystallinity, stability, and optical/electrical properties of bamboo-like morphology CNTs. Selected multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs), from 1 to 20 wt%, were electropolymerized through in-situ polarization with conductive polymers (CPs), poly(aniline) (PANI) and poly(pyrrole) (PPy), for obtaining composites. In terms of structural stability and electrical properties, MWCNTs obtained by CVD were found to be better than commercial ones for producing CPs composites. The CNTs addition in both polymeric matrixes was of 6.5 wt%. In both systems, crystallinity degree, related to the alignment of PC chains on MWCNTs surface, was improved. Electrical conductivity, in terms of the carrier density and mobility, was adequately enhanced with CVD CNTs, which were even better than the evaluated commercial CNTs. The findings of this study demonstrate that synergistic effects among the hydrogen bonds, stability, and conductivity are better in PANI/MWCNTs than in PPy/MWCNTs composites, which open a promissory route to prepare materials for different technological applications.

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“…Organic electrode materials are characterized by relatively high theoretical capacity, moderate operating potentials, chemical diversity, and environmental friendliness, showing great potential [6] . Currently, the most widely studied organic electrode materials contain organic carbonyl compounds, [7] organic sulfides, [8] conductive polymers, [9] and organic radical polymers [10] . Organic carbonyl compounds with abundant functional groups are the most far‐ranging owing to high redox potential and fast reaction kinetics [11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of High‐Performance Organic Material Pyrene‐4,5,9,10‐Tetraone in Secondary Batteries

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2020

ChemElectroChem

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Conjugated carbonyl electrode materials have attracted much attention because of their ability to store various cations, relatively high theoretical capacity, designability, and sustainability. In this Minireview, pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (PTO) with four carbonyl functional groups served as the electrode material in secondary batteries. It exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, such as high theoretical specific capacity, high redox potential, and the high utility of active sites. Currently, there are many kinds of optimizations to address the high solubility of PTO in organic electrolytes and improve cycle stability. Forming polymers, immobilizing with carbon materials, changing polarity to form salts, and optimizing electrolytes, such as all-solid-state electrolytes, are mainly summarized. We hope this Minireview can provide a guideline for the development of high-performance secondary batteries using PTO.

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Tunable Conducting Polymers: Toward Sustainable and Versatile Batteries

Cited by 110 publications

References 207 publications

Organic Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Past, Present, and Future

Organic Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Past, Present, and Future

CVD Conditions for MWCNTs Production and Their Effects on the Optical and Electrical Properties of PPy/MWCNTs, PANI/MWCNTs Nanocomposites by In Situ Electropolymerization

Research Progress of High‐Performance Organic Material Pyrene‐4,5,9,10‐Tetraone in Secondary Batteries

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