Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax: its biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and introduction in the New World - a review

Osório, Ana Luiza Alves Rosa; Madruga, C. R.; Desquesnes, Marc; Soares, Cleber Oliveira; Ribeiro, Lúcia Regina; Costa, Salvatore

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762008000100001

Cited by 125 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 89 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Esse termo é utilizado para caracterizar algumas raças como N'Dama, Baoulé, Muturu, Dahoumey e Lagune (Osório et al 2008) que são relativamente resistentes a infecção de T. vivax apresentando resistência natural e permanecem na condição de portadores assintomáticos (Mattioli & Wilson 1996). Nesses animais, os títulos de anticorpos contra antígenos não variantes diferem entre animais resistentes e susceptíveis, observando-se altos títulos de IgG1 (Naessens et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos através do teste de Imunofluorescência indireta

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO.-Trypanosoma vivax infecta uma grande variedade de animais ungulados selvagens e domésticos, podendo causar grande impacto na produção de ruminantes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos provenientes do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Para tanto, foram analisadas 2,053 amostras de soro sanguíneo de bovinos provenientes de rebanhos de municípios do estado de Pernambuco, os quais foram analisados através da Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta. Das amostras testadas 13,93% (286/2.053) foram reagentes para anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax. As freqüências, por mesorregião, variaram de 11,90% a 15,99%. Assim, os dados obtidos permitiram a caracterização do estado de Pernambuco como uma área de instabilidade enzoótica e sugere que o estado Pernambuco é área endêmica para Trypanosoma vivax e este parasito está distribuído por todo o estado.

show abstract

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Em seguida, o protozoário foi detectado nos estados do Amapá (Serra-Freire 1981), Mato Grosso ( Osório et al 2008), Tocantins (Linhares et al 2006), Minas Gerais , Paraíba (Batista et al 2007), Maranhão (Guerra et al 2008) e recentemente no estado de Pernambuco (Pimentel et al 2012).…”

unclassified

Detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos através do teste de Imunofluorescência indireta

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The hemoprotozoan Trypanosoma vivax infects a wide range of wild and domestic ungulates and causes important economic losses in cattle herds in tropical areas of Africa, Central America and South America (GARDINER, 1989;JONES;OSÓRIO et al, 2008). In South America, it was probably introduced around 1830 through infected cattle from Africa, and mechanical transmission occurs by means of tabanids such as Stomoxys calcitrans and probably other biting flies (SILVA et al, 1996;VENTURA et al, 2001;JONES;OSÓRIO et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South America, it was probably introduced around 1830 through infected cattle from Africa, and mechanical transmission occurs by means of tabanids such as Stomoxys calcitrans and probably other biting flies (SILVA et al, 1996;VENTURA et al, 2001;JONES;OSÓRIO et al, 2008). Natural infection with T. vivax has been reported in cattle in several countries: Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru and Costa Rica (CLARKSON, 1976;SILVA et al, 1998b;QUISPE et al, 2003;GARCIA et al, 2005;OSÓRIO et al, 2008;OLIVEIRA et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of Trypanosoma vivax outbreak in dairy cattle in São Paulo state, Brazil

Cadioli

Barnabé²,

Machado

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is the first description of a Trypanosoma vivax outbreak in the state of São Paulo (municipality of Lins). Fever, jaundice, decreased milk production, weight loss, profuse diarrhea, abortion, anemia, leukocytosis and hyperfibrinogenemia were observed in the affected animals. Thirty-one cows and calves died out of a total of 1080 in the herd. Three cows showed neurological symptoms like dysmetria, ataxia, muscle weakness, ptyalism, lymph node enlargement and submandibular edema. Flagellated hemoparasites were observed in blood smears. The species was diagnosed as T. vivax by means of PCR. This T. vivax strain showed resistance to diaminazene aceturate and the infection spread quickly at the herd. From the ELISA test, 599 serum samples (98.36%) were positive for anti-T. vivax IgG antibodies. This outbreak occurred during a very dry period, which indicates that other factors were involved in the outbreak, such as absence of tabanids and large populations of Haematobia irritans and Stomoxys calcitrans. The increases in these populations may have been due to the use of biosolid waste from sugar and ethanol plants in the sugarcane plantations surrounding the dairy farm.Keywords: Bovine, trypanosomiasis, natural infection, anemia, T. vivax, PCR. ResumoEsta é a primeira descrição de um surto de Trypanosoma vivax ocorrido no Estado de São Paulo, no município de Lins. Animais acometidos apresentaram febre, icterícia, diminuição da produção de leite, perda de peso, diarreia profusa, abortos, anemia, leucocitose e hiperfibrigenemia. Foram registrados 31 óbitos de vacas e bezerros em 1.080 bovinos no total. Três vacas apresentaram sintomatologia nervosa, como dismetria, ataxia e fraqueza muscular, além de ptialismo, aumento de linfonodos e edema submandibular. Hemoparasitas flagelados foram observados em esfregaços sanguíneos, e a espécie de tripanossomo foi diagnosticada como T. vivax por PCR. A cepa de T. vivax mostrou ser resistente ao tratamento com aceturato de diaminozeno e a infecção disseminou rapidamente no rebanho. Pelo ELISA, observou-se que 98,36% (599) das amostras de soro colhidas apresentaram títulos positivos para IgG anti-T. vivax. O surto ocorreu em condições de baixa precipitação pluviométrica, fato que indica que outros fatores estavam envolvidos na ocorrência desse surto, como a ausência de tabanídeos e a grande presença de Haematobia irritans e Stomoxys calcitrans, cujo aumento populacional pode ser devido ao uso de resíduos de usinas de açúcar e álcool nos canaviais que circundavam a granja leiteira.Palavras-chave: Bovino, tripanossomíase, infecção natural, anemia, T. vivax, PCR.

show abstract

“…vivax accounts for up to half of total Trypanosoma prevalence in West Africa where it is considered the major pathogen for livestock and small ruminants (Njiokouet al, 2004). Outside tsetse endemic areas, West African T. vivax isolates were introduced long ago into South American countries where it represents a real threat since it can be efficiently transmitted across vertebrate hosts by mechanical means and by various biting flies and Tabanids (Osorio et al,2008). The severity of the disease depends on parasite strain, endemicity and host species, but the key steps in the T. vivax host interactions are still largely unknown.…”

Section: Tvivaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Serum Biochemical Changes in Ruminants Infected with Major Trypanosome Species

2017

Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

African trypanosomes are pathogens for humans and livestock. They are single-cell, extra-cellular parasites that cause persistent infections of the blood and induce profound immunosuppression. The life cycle of the African trypanosome begins when a tsetse fly feeds from an infected mammalian and the epidemiology depends on three factors, the distribution of the vectors, and the virulence of the parasite and the response of the host.The major pathogenic tsetse-transmitted trypanosome species are Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei in cattle, sheep and goats and are found in the bloodstream and tissues of vertebrates throughout the world. However, these species are of overwhelming importance as a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in animals in tropical regions. There are no pathognomonic gross or histopathological lesions found in the animals that die of trypanosomiasis. Most of the observed lesions are due to the circulatory disturbances caused by anemia. Serum biochemical changes are characteristics of trypanosome infections, the severity of which are often determined by the strain of the infecting trypanosome and the host. It is known that pathophysiological alterations occur in the cellular and plasma components of blood during infection. The disease affects different body organs of infected animals which lead to alterations in serum biochemical parameters like liver enzymes, Total Proteins, Albumin, Glucose and Cholesterol. Hypoglycemia, which has been shown to occur during trypanosomosis, is reported to be due to excessive utilization of blood glucose by trypanosomes for their metabolism.Continuous utilization from the blood stream of cholesterol, phospholipids and total lipids also are a contributory factor to lowering of the serum levels of lipids and cholesterol. Thus, this manuscript reviews the serum biochemical changes and the major Trypanosoma species infecting ruminants.

show abstract

Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax: its biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and introduction in the New World - a review

Cited by 125 publications

References 89 publications

Detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos através do teste de Imunofluorescência indireta

Detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos através do teste de Imunofluorescência indireta

First report of Trypanosoma vivax outbreak in dairy cattle in São Paulo state, Brazil

Review on Serum Biochemical Changes in Ruminants Infected with Major Trypanosome Species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About