Trypan blue: Identification and teratogenic and oncogenic activities of its coloured constituents

Field, Frederick E.; Roberts, Graham; Hallowes, R. C.; Palmer, Anthony K.; Williams, Kenneth E.; Lloyd, John

doi:10.1016/0009-2797(77)90154-5

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The teratogenic and carcinogenic potentials of trypan blue were demonstrated in animal studies [23, 24]. In these studies, trypan blue was administered via intraperitoneal injection in dosages between 100 and 600 mg/kg body weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypan-Blue- and Endoillumination-Assisted Phacoemulsification in Eyes with Vitreous Hemorrhage during Combined Cataract and Vitreous Surgery

Yamamoto

Ozaki²,

Murakami³

2005

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To study the safety and usefulness of trypan blue application and conventional endoillumination for enhancing visualization during phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation in cases of cataract with vitreous hemorrhage. Methods: Ten eyes of 10 patients with cataract and coexisting vitreous hemorrhage underwent combined trypan-blue- and endoillumination-assisted phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation with vitrectomy. In a two-step surgery, after staining the anterior capsule with trypan blue, continuous circular capsulorhexis was performed; then, phacoemulsification was performed using conventional endoillumination. Specular microscopy was performed before and 3 months after surgery on eyes that underwent trypan-blue- and endoillumination-assisted phacoemulsification and on control eyes that underwent standard phacoemulsification to evaluate the toxic effect of trypan blue on corneal endothelial cells. Results: Trypan blue application improved visualization of the anterior capsule, and a complete capsulorhexis could be performed in all eyes. In all 10 eyes, endoillumination was required to visualize the lens structure, and phacoemulsification could be accomplished. Specular microscopy revealed that there was no significant difference in the level of corneal endothelial cell loss between the trypan-blue- and endoillumination-assisted phacoemulsification group and the control group. Conclusion: The described double visualization technique may assist phacoemulsification in selected cases of cataract with vitreous hemorrhage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypan-Blue- and Endoillumination-Assisted Phacoemulsification in Eyes with Vitreous Hemorrhage during Combined Cataract and Vitreous Surgery

Yamamoto

Ozaki²,

Murakami³

2005

Ophthalmologica

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“…The carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of trypan blue were demonstrated in experimental animal models [32, 33]. In the study of Field et al [32], each rat received 15 intraperineal injections of 50 mg/kg body weight of trypan blue at intervals of 14 days, and then they were sacrificed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study of Field et al [32], each rat received 15 intraperineal injections of 50 mg/kg body weight of trypan blue at intervals of 14 days, and then they were sacrificed. On autopsy, Field et al found that a pleiomorphic reticular cell sarcoma replaced an inguinal lymph node in a rat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Visualization Using Triamcinolone Acetonide and Trypan Blue during Stage 3 Macular Hole Surgery

Yamamoto

Ozaki²,

Murakami³

2004

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To study the usefulness of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and trypan blue for facilitating visualization and dissection of the posterior vitreous cortex and internal limiting membrane (ILM) during vitrectomy in idiopathic stage 3 macular holes. Methods: Pars plana vitrectomy was performed in 10 eyes of 10 patientswith idiopathic stage 3 macular holes. After core vitrectomy had been performed, triamcinolone acetonide was injected over the posterior pole. After separation of the visualized posterior vitreous cortex, trypan blue was injected over the macular area. Excised specimens were examined by electron microscopy. Results: Upon injection of triamcinolone acetonide, the posterior vitreous cortex and residual vitreous cortex could be visualized in all patients. The posterior vitreous cortex and residual vitreous cortex were completely removed. The ILM of the retina was stained faint blue and was successfully removed in all patients. Electron microscopy revealed that the triamcinolone-acetonide-visualized layer and the trypan-blue-stained layer had different histological features. No complications related to the use of triamcinolone acetonide and trypan blue were encountered. Conclusion: Double visualization of the posterior vitreous cortex and ILM using triamcinolone acetonide and trypan blue during vitrectomy may facilitate separation of the posterior vitreous cortex from the retina and removal of the ILM around the macular hole in patients withidiopathic stage 3 macular holes.

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“…Orange II can be reductively metabolized producing 1-amino-2-naphthol, a bladder carcinogen for rats (Bonser et al, 1963;. This suggests that any toxicity induced by unchanged azo dye molecules should not be accepted as the only effect of these compounds, since the reductive cleavage products from these dyes can be mutagenic/ carcinogenic (Field et al, 1977;.…”

Section: Metabolic Pathways Involved In the Reduction And Oxidation Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trypan Blue has been shown to have carcinogenic and teratogenic properties (Field et al, 1977). Although original Trypan Blue is not mutagenic, it was reduced by the cell-free extract of an intestinal anaerobe, Fusobacterium sp.2, to a mutagenic product, O-toluidine (3,3'-dimethylbenzidine) (Hartman et al, 1978;.…”

Section: Reductive Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azo Dyes and Their Metabolites: Does the Discharge of the Azo Dye into Water Bodies Represent Human and Ecological Risks?

Chequer¹,

Dorta²,

Oliveira³

2011

Advances in Treating Textile Effluent

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Trypan blue: Identification and teratogenic and oncogenic activities of its coloured constituents

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Trypan-Blue- and Endoillumination-Assisted Phacoemulsification in Eyes with Vitreous Hemorrhage during Combined Cataract and Vitreous Surgery

Trypan-Blue- and Endoillumination-Assisted Phacoemulsification in Eyes with Vitreous Hemorrhage during Combined Cataract and Vitreous Surgery

Double Visualization Using Triamcinolone Acetonide and Trypan Blue during Stage 3 Macular Hole Surgery

Azo Dyes and Their Metabolites: Does the Discharge of the Azo Dye into Water Bodies Represent Human and Ecological Risks?

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