True Shallot Seed Production of Lowland Shallot (Biru Lancor Varieties) Under the Application of Seaweed Extract and N Fertilizer

Abstract

The major problem on the improving shallot production is due to availability of quality tuber seeds requied by farmers in sufficient quantities. One effort that can be done in order to fulfill the seed production is to use TSS or True Seed of Shallot technology. For this reason, efforts are needed to improve nitrogen fertilizer efficiency following the application of seaweed extract along with different source of N fertilization.The research was carried out in the village of Sidomulyo, Batu, with an altitude of 923 m asl with planting material from seed growers in Probolinggo who have experienced on shalor seed production with seed a dormancy period of approximately 2 months. Seaweed Extract (RL) uses Citorin and ammonium nitrate using Calcium Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer. For seeds to be planted, vernalization is carried out by inserting seeds into the refrigerator at ± 10 o C for 3-4 weeks. The study began in September 2018 and ends in January 2019. The study used a Factorial Randomized Group Design of 1 factor, namely the dose of Ammonium Nitrate with several concentrations of seaweed extract (RL). The dose of Ammonium Nitrate consists of 0% (0 kg / ha), 50% (from the total N dose of 178 kg / ha and 100% (as much as 178 kg / ha). The dosage of N 178 kg per hectare comes from the calculation of N content in doses recommendation is NPK 600 kg / ha (NPK fertilizer contains 15% N), ZA 200 kg / ha (ZA fertilizer contains N 26%), Urea 100 kg/ha (urea fertilizer containing N 46%), and KCl 150 kg/ha Seaweed extract with a concentration of 0 ppm, 120 ppm, 240 ppm, 360 ppm and 480 ppm. Thus the treatment is as follows: (1) Control = 0% N and 0 ppm RL; (2) N1 RL 120 ppm (50% dose N and 120 ppm RL); (3) N1 RL 240 ppm (50% N and 240 ppm RL); (4) N1 RL 360 ppm (50% dose N and 360 ppm RL); (5) N1 RL 480 ppm (50% dose N and 480 ppm RL); (6) N2 RL 120 ppm (100% N and 120 ppm RL (7) N2 RL 240 ppm (100% N and 240 ppm RL (8) N2 RL 360 ppm (100% N and 360 ppm RL); (9) N2 RL 480 ppm (100% dose N and 480 ppm RL). The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers and number of tubers per plant, 50% bloom time, number and height of stem, root dry weight, canopy dry weight, number of flowers per stem, number of kernels per stem, percentage of flowers being kernels, weight of 1 seed, seed weight per 1000 m 2 , mini tuber production. Data from the observations were analyzed using ANOVA and if there was a significant effect followed by LSD at the level of 5% to see the differences between treatments.

Farmer Perceptions and Preferences to Shallot Farming Technology Introduction in Grobogan District, Central Java, Indonesia

“…Farmers stated moderate or ordinary perception on the ease of obtaining bulbs since farmers use the shallot seed bulbs in part from their harvest, so getting seed bulbs is common for farmers. [5] stated that farmers meet the needs of shallot seeds by producing their seeds. Farmers also perceive the usual timeliness to get seed bulbs because the seed is already available and planting shallots using tubers is more practical and has a higher success rate.…”

“…However, continuous use of bulbs from the same variety might cause a lower chance of improving the quality of the product [3]. It also lowered the competitiveness and productivity of Indonesian shallots [4,5].…”

Bio-stimulants derived from seaweed enhance true shallot seed (TSS) growth

“…The nutrients contained in seaweed are able to act as fertilizers that play a role in germination, the formation of new plants, and better development [17]. Many studies related to the use of one type of seaweed bio-stimulant have been carried out, including on chickpeas [18,19], dates [20], tomato seedlings [21], leeks [22], chili [23,24], and few reported the use of seaweed [25] on shallot plants. The use of beneficial bacteria as bio-stimulants in various plants has also been carried out, including in lettuce [26], rice and corn [27], strawberries [28], rice [29], maize [30,31], potatoes [32], soybean [33], kailan [34], chili [35,36] etc.…”

Double Production of Shallot (Allium cepa L var. aggregatum) based on Climate, Water, and Soil Management in Sandy Land

“…The average shallots harvest area from 2014-2018 in Indonesia reached 141.483 ha, increasing 10.11% each year [11]. The need for shallot bulb seed is 1.200 kg ha -1 [12] which can only be met 120,830,000 kg (16.0-17.8%) each year by local bulb seed production [13]. As a consequence, imported shallot bulb seeds reaches 6,330 tons [14].…”