Trophectoderm Lineage Determination in Cattle

Berg, D.K.; Smith, Craig S.; Pearton, David J.; Wells, David N.; Broadhurst, Ric; Donnison, Martyn; Pfeffer, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2011.01.003

Cited by 285 publications

(395 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Oct4 likely functions primarily as the first determinant of ICM cell lineage by preventing their differentiation into TE cells, while Nanog is thought to act as a crucial keeper of pluripotency of some ICM cells (epiblast) by preventing their differentiation into primitive endoderm cells [29,30]. Although the localization of OCT4 and CDX2 in the ICM and TE and/or their contributions to ICM/TE lineage segregation are different between mouse and bovine blastocysts [21,28,31,32], NANOG expression has been shown to be confined to the ICM also in bovine blastocysts at least in the spherical stage [21,28,31], and its expression is likely to be implicated in ICM lineage determination also in the bovine [28]. Forced overexpression of Nanog in mouse ES cells led to autonomous self-renewal of the cells with retention of the undifferentiated state [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Methionine Metabolism in Morula-to-blastocyst Transition in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos

Ikeda

Sugimoto

Kume

2012

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The roles of methionine metabolism in bovine preimplantation embryo development were investigated by using ethionine, an antimetabolite of methionine. In vitro produced bovine embryos that had developed to the 5-cell stage or more at 72 h after the commencement of in vitro fertilization (IVF) were then cultured until day 8 (IVF = day 0) in medium supplemented with 0 (control), 1, 5 and 10 mM ethionine. Compared with the blastocyst development in the control (40.0%), ethionine at 10 mM almost completely blocked blastocyst development (1.1%, P<0.001), and this concentration was used in the following experiments. Methionine added at the same concentration (10 mM, a concentration control of ethionine) did not cause such an intense developmental inhibition. Development to the compacted morula stage on day 6 was not affected by 10 mM ethionine treatment. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) added to the ethionine treatment partly restored the blastocyst development. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of cell lineage-related transcription factors in day 6 compacted morulae showed that the expressions of NANOG and TEAD4 were increased by ethionine treatment relative to the control (P<0.01). Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis of 5-methylcytosine revealed that DNA was hypomethylated in the ethionine-treated day 6 morulae compared with the control (P<0.001). These results demonstrate that the disruption of methionine metabolism causes impairment of the morula-toblastocyst transition during bovine preimplantation development in part via SAM deficiency, indicating the indispensable roles of methionine during this period. The disruption of methionine metabolism may cause hypomethylation of DNA and consequently lead to the altered expression of developmentally important genes, which then results in the impairment of blastocyst development. Key words: Bovine, Methionine, One-carbon metabolism, Preimplantation embryo, S-adenosylmethionine (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [91][92][93][94][95][96][97] 2012) M ethionine is a dietary essential amino acid that plays multiple biological roles, including those as the initiating amino acid in eukaryotic protein synthesis, a precursor of the essential methyl donor for methylation reactions (S-adenosylmethionine, SAM) and a source of redox regulators (cysteine and glutathione) [1,2]. Methionine metabolism can be seen as the trans-and remethylation cycle of methionine (methionine cycle) that intertwines with the cycle of folate metabolism (folate cycle) and the transsulfuration pathway from homocysteine, an intermediate in the methionine cycle [3], and these combined metabolic networks are called one-carbon metabolism [4,5]. Recently, mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos have been reported to express the key regulatory enzymes in one-carbon metabolism [6][7][8], suggesting that mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos can independently utilize and metabolize nutrients in one-carbon metabolism, such as methionine, choline, betaine, folates a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Methionine Metabolism in Morula-to-blastocyst Transition in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos

Ikeda

Sugimoto

Kume

2012

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…Similarly, it has been proposed that in the human placenta ELF5 interacts with CDX2 and EOMES to establish a circuit of mutually interacting transcription factors, and an ELF5 and CDX2 positive population of putative trophoblast stem cells have been proposed to reside within the human placenta in the first trimester . However, it is evident both from molecular studies of bovine blastocysts (Berg et al 2011) and anatomical studies highlighting the differences in implantation between mice and humans (James et al 2012) that the regulatory networks governing trophectoderm specification and early trophoblast differentiation are likely to differ between murine models and those of other mammals. In our work, we observed a significant up-regulation of ELF5 in side-population cells relative to extravillous trophoblasts and in CDX2 expression relative to extravillous trophoblasts by homeobox array and microarray, although this could not be validated by real-time PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterisation of a novel trophoblast side-population from first trimester placentae

et al. 2015

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The placenta is responsible for all nutrient and gas exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy. The differentiation of specialised placental epithelial cells called trophoblasts is essential for placental function, but we understand little about how these populations arise. Mouse trophoblast stem cells have allowed us to understand many of the factors that regulate murine trophoblast lineage development, but the human placenta is anatomically very different from the mouse, and it is imperative to isolate a human trophoblast stem cell to understand human placental development. Here we have developed a novel methodology to isolate a Hoechst side-population of trophoblasts from early gestation placentae and compared their transcriptome to differentiated trophoblast populations (cytotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts) using microarray technology. Side-population trophoblasts clustered as a transcriptomically distinct population but were more closely related to cytotrophoblasts than extravillous trophoblasts. Side-population trophoblasts up-regulated a number of genes characteristic of trophectoderm and murine trophoblast stem cells in comparison to cytotrophoblasts or extravillous trophoblasts and could be distinguished from both of these more mature populations by a unique set of 22 up-regulated genes, which were enriched for morphogenesis and organ development and the regulation of growth functions. Cells expressing two of these genes (LAMA2 and COL6A3) were distributed throughout the cytotrophoblast layer at the trophoblast/ mesenchymal interface. Comparisons to previously published trophoblast progenitor populations suggest that the side-population trophoblasts isolated in this work are a novel human trophoblast population. Future work will determine whether these cells exhibit functional progenitor/stem cell attributes. Reproduction (2015) 150 449-462

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“…A human zygote develops into a human, and a giraffe zygote develops into a giraffe, even though the developmental programs for these two mammals share most genomic and regulatory elements. Berg et al [30] looked at one small aspect of this question.…”

Section: Summary Of Species Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is aging an evolved developmental program?

2015

Healthy Aging Res

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What is aging? Evolutionary theory posits that it is the consequence of the accumulation of damage after the attainment of reproductive maturity, due to a weakening of the strength of natural selection in late life. This construct implies that aging represents disordered biology that is superimposed upon the living state. In this review, data collected across multiple species, including plants, strongly suggest that aging represents an evolved species-specific developmental program. Such a construct would account for the varied aging trajectories that can be observed across different species, each of which has its own characteristic pattern of aging. However, aging is a plastic developmental program and this plasticity accounts for the marked variation in aging trajectories observed across individuals within a single species; the result of environmentally induced epigenetic changes. Interventions directed at the plasticity of the aging process are the ones most likely to be successful in modifying this process.

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Trophectoderm Lineage Determination in Cattle

Cited by 285 publications

References 60 publications

Importance of Methionine Metabolism in Morula-to-blastocyst Transition in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos

Importance of Methionine Metabolism in Morula-to-blastocyst Transition in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos

Isolation and characterisation of a novel trophoblast side-population from first trimester placentae

Is aging an evolved developmental program?

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