Triterpenoidal saponins from the fruits of Gleditsia caspica with proapoptotic properties

Shaheen, Usama; Ragab, Ehab A.; Abdalla, Ashraf N.; Bader, Ammar

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.11.007

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, Gleditsia species have been widely used for centuries in local and traditional medicine [1]. Today, Gleditsia species have become a research hotspot, with particular focus on the utilization of extracted bioactive compounds from the tissues of Gleditsia species [4,5]. Unfortunately, the increased planting of Gleditsia species has revealed that knowledge of seedling cultivation technique, especially with respect to the use of plant growth-promoting rhizomicroorganisms to aid the cultivation of Gleditsia species, is inadequate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Effectively Enhances the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Wang

Zhong

Zhu

et al. 2019

Forests

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The Chinese honey locust tree Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae) is a precious ecological and economic tree species that has wide-ranging usage. However, knowledge regarding seedling cultivation (especially the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)) is scarce, which limits the developent of Gleditsia plantations. A pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions to estimate the effects of three AMF strains (Funneliformis mosseae 1, Funneliformis mosseae 2, and Diversispora tortuosa) on the growth, photosynthetic rate, and nutrient content of G. sinensis seedlings. Results showed that the growth parameters (seedling height, basal diameter, dry biomass) of the seedlings were significantly increased by each of the three AMF strains, associated with high root colonization rates (greater than 75%). Chlorophyll concentrations and photosynthetic rates were also increased by AMF, and phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in the three organs (leaf, stem, and root), and nitrogen (N) content in the leaf and stem of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) seedlings were significantly higher than in non-AM seedlings. Mycorrhizal dependency of the AM seedlings was greater than 350%, and significantly correlated with the increased P and K content in all three organs and increased N content in the leaf and stem. Positive effects of F. mosseae on growth and the nutrient content of seedlings were higher than those of D. tortuosa, but no significant different effects on G. sinensis seedlings were observed between the two strains of F. mosseae. Hence, growth of G. sinensis seedlings was effectively enhanced by AMF, with F. mosseae being more suitable for the inoculation of G. sinensis seedlings. These results indicate that arbuscular mycorrhization is beneficial for the growth of young G. sinensis plants. Further research is needed to determine whether the effects can be reproduced in a forest situation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Effectively Enhances the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Wang

Zhong

Zhu

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…The disruption of the cell cycle causes cancer, which usually takes place in the G 1 /S (modulated by CDK4/6-cyclinD and CDK2-cyclinA) or the G 2 /M (modulated by CDK1-cyclinB) check points [ 44 ]. Following the treatment of HL60 cells (5 × 10 5 ) with each of HAA 2020 , dinaciclib and their combination (500 nM + 10 nM, respectively) for 24 h, the cells were fixed in 70% ethanol and then processed for a cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide (PI, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), as previously described [ 56 ]. A total of 20,000 single-cell events were acquired on a flow cytometer (NovoCyte 3000, ACEA biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA) and analyzed using the cell cycle algorithm of the NovoExpress software (version 1.4.1 ACEA biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Anti Leukemia Effect of a Novel Hsp90 and a Pan Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors

et al. 2020

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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is among the top four malignancies in Saudi nationals, and it is the top leukemia subtype worldwide. Resistance to available AML drugs requires the identification of new targets and agents. Hsp90 is one of the emerging important targets in AML, which has a central role in the regulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation through client proteins including the growth factor receptors and cyclin dependent kinases. The objective of the first part of this study is to investigate the putative Hsp90 inhibition activity of three novel previously synthesized quinazolines, which showed HL60 cytotoxicity and VEGFR2 and EGFR kinases inhibition activities. Using surface plasmon resonance, compound 1 (HAA2020) showed better Hsp90 inhibition compared to 17-AAG, and a docking study revealed that it fits nicely into the ATPase site. The objective of the second part is to maximize the anti-leukemic activity of HAA2020, which was combined with each of the eleven standard inhibitors. The best resulting synergistic effect in HL60 cells was with the pan cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) inhibitor dinaciclib, using an MTT assay. Furthermore, the inhibiting effect of the Hsp90α gene by the combination of HAA2020 and dinaciclib was associated with increased caspase-7 and TNF-α, leading to apoptosis in HL60 cells. In addition, the combination upregulated p27 simultaneously with the inhibition of cyclinD3 and CDK2, leading to abolished HL60 proliferation and survival. The actions of HAA2020 propagated the apoptotic and cell cycle control properties of dinaciclib, showing the importance of co-targeting Hsp90 and CDK, which could lead to the better management of leukemia.

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“…MCF-7 cells (5 × 10 5 cells/well) were treated with LY, TAM, and their combinations for 24 h. Cells were then fixed in 70% ethanol and processed for cell cycle analysis, after staining with propidium iodide (PI, Santa Cruz). FC500, Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL, USA flow cytometer was used for analyzing a total of 20,000 single-cells, with the aid of Expo 32 software, Miami, FL, USA [ 52 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tamoxifen and the PI3K Inhibitor: LY294002 Synergistically Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

et al. 2020

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Breast cancer is considered as one of the most aggressive types of cancer. Acquired therapeutic resistance is the major cause of chemotherapy failure in breast cancer patients. To overcome this resistance and to improve the efficacy of treatment, drug combination is employed as a promising approach for this purpose. The synergistic cytotoxic, apoptosis inducing, and cell cycle effects of the combination of LY294002 (LY), a phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, with the traditional cytotoxic anti-estrogen drug tamoxifen (TAM) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were investigated. LY and TAM exhibited potent cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells with IC50 values 0.87 µM and 1.02 µM. The combination of non-toxic concentration of LY and TAM showed highly significant synergistic interaction as observed from isobologram (IC50: 0.17 µM, combination index: 0.18, colony formation: 9.01%) compared to untreated control. The percentage of early/late apoptosis significantly increased after treatment of MCF-7 cells with LY and TAM combination: 40.3%/28.3% (p < 0.001), compared to LY single treatment (19.8%/11.4%) and TAM single treatment (32.4%/5.9%). In addition, LY and TAM combination induced the apoptotic genes Caspase-3, Caspase-7, and p53, as well as p21 as cell cycle promotor, and significantly downregulated the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and survivin. The cell cycle assay revealed that the combination induced apoptosis by increasing the pre-G1: 28.3% compared to 1.6% of control. pAKT and Cyclin D1 protein expressions were significantly more downregulated by the combination treatment compared to the single drug treatment. The results suggested that the synergistic cytotoxic effect of LY and TAM is achieved by the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through cyclin D1, pAKT, caspases, and Bcl-2 signaling pathways.

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Triterpenoidal saponins from the fruits of Gleditsia caspica with proapoptotic properties

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Effectively Enhances the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Effectively Enhances the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Synergistic Anti Leukemia Effect of a Novel Hsp90 and a Pan Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors

Tamoxifen and the PI3K Inhibitor: LY294002 Synergistically Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

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