Triple-Shape Memory Behavior of Modified Lactide/Glycolide Copolymers

Smola-Dmochowska, Anna; Śmigiel-Gac, Natalia; Kaczmarczyk, Bożena; Sobota, Michał; Janeczek, Henryk; Karpeta-Jarząbek, Paulina; Kasperczyk, Janusz; Dobrzyński, P.

doi:10.3390/polym12122984

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Choose the temperature t to determine whether or not Shape 3 transitions back to Shape 1 or Shape 2 permanently. The process of reclaiming the 80/20 PLLAGL/ BSCA blend was documented in a series of photographs (Reproduced with permission 141 ).…”

Section: Glass Transition-based Shape Memory Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in thermo‐responsive elastomeric shape memory polymer nanocomposites

et al. 2023

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Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are polymeric smart materials, a class of stimuli‐responsive polymers that can return to their initial shape from a programmed temporary shape under the application of external stimuli, such as light, heat, magnetism, and electricity. Because of these unique features, SMPs can find applications in many fields, like aerospace, biomedical devices, flexible electronics, soft robotics, shape memory arrays, and 4D printing. The comparatively low density, low cost, easy biodegradability, and biocompatibility make SMPs a better candidate for shape memory applications. Among them, thermo‐responsive SMPs can revert to their permanent shape depending on a temperature greater than their polymer transition temperature. Thermo‐responsive SMPs combine semi‐crystalline or elastomeric polymers with improved mechanical and electrical properties. Integrating nanofillers into the polymer elastomer matrices can further enhance these properties, forming shape‐memory polymer nanocomposites (SMPNCs). This review focuses on the basics, design, and classifications of thermo‐responsive SMPs and the characteristics of elastomers and blends of polymers used. Incorporating various nanofillers to get SMPNCs to have improved properties over SMPs is also presented. The importance of Tg (glass transition temperature) and Tm (melting temperature) based SMPs and SMPNCs, various elastomers used, and the methods for preparation like solution casting, melt compounding, in situ polymerization, and their possible future applications are also discussed.

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Section: Glass Transition-based Shape Memory Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in thermo‐responsive elastomeric shape memory polymer nanocomposites

et al. 2023

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“…In addition, these polymers contain physical or chemical crosslinks that are responsible for the stability of the permanent shape [ 14 , 15 ]. By introducing multiple types of switching domains with different transition temperatures ( T trans ) into one polymer system, it is possible to observe a triple- or a multi-shape effect [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The first triple-shape effect was reported in multiphase polymer networks with two types of switching domains, either both crystalline or one crystalline and one amorphous [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Printing of Electroactive Triple-Shape Composites

et al. 2023

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Triple-shape polymers can memorize two independent shapes during a controlled recovery process. This work reports the 4D printing of electro-active triple-shape composites based on thermoplastic blends. Composite blends comprising polyester urethane (PEU), polylactic acid (PLA), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as conductive fillers were prepared by conventional melt processing methods. Morphological analysis of the composites revealed a phase separated morphology with aggregates of MWCNTs uniformly dispersed in the blend. Thermal analysis showed two different transition temperatures based on the melting point of the crystallizable switching domain of the PEU (Tm~50 ± 1 °C) and the glass transition temperature of amorphous PLA (Tg~61 ± 1 °C). The composites were suitable for 3D printing by fused filament fabrication (FFF). 3D models based on single or multiple materials were printed to demonstrate and quantify the triple-shape effect. The resulting parts were subjected to resistive heating by passing electric current at different voltages. The printed demonstrators were programmed by a thermo-mechanical programming procedure and the triple-shape effect was realized by increasing the voltage in a stepwise fashion. The 3D printing of such electroactive composites paves the way for more complex shapes with defined geometries and novel methods for triggering shape memory, with potential applications in space, robotics, and actuation technologies.

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