Trichomonas vaginalis as a risk factor for human papillomavirus: a study with women undergoing cervical cancer screening in a northeast region of Brazil

Belfort, Ilka Kassandra Pereira; Cunha, Ana Paula Almeida; Mendes, Francisco Pedro Belfort; Galvão-Moreira, Leonardo Victor; Lemos, Renata Gaspar; Costa, Larissa Di Léo Nogueira; Monteiro, Pablo de Matos; Ferreira, Mariele Borges; Santos, Gerusinete Rodrigues Bastos dos; Costa, Joyce Leal; Ferreira, Alice de Sá; Brito, Luiz Gustavo Oliveira; Brito, Luciane Maria Oliveira; Vidal, Flávia Castello Branco; Monteiro, Sally Cristina Moutinho

doi:10.1186/s12905-021-01320-6

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The symptomatic infections include urethritis and prostatitis, and the trichomonads have been found in prostate tissue from benign prostatic hyperplasia ( Mitteregger et al, 2012 ; Van Gerwen et al, 2021 ). Moreover, trichomoniasis is associated with an increased risk of cervical and prostate cancer and transmission of HPV and HIV, which is related to erosion of the mechanical barrier and modulation of immune status ( Kissinger and Adamski, 2013 ; Twu et al, 2014 ; Belfort et al, 2021 ; Kushwaha et al, 2021 ; Van Gerwen et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Stranded RNA Viruses Are Released From Trichomonas vaginalis Inside Small Extracellular Vesicles and Modulate the Exosomal Cargo

et al. 2022

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Trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protist that infects the human urogenital tract. During the infection, trichomonads adhere to the host mucosa, acquire nutrients from the vaginal/prostate environment, and release small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that contribute to the trichomonad adherence and modulate the host-parasite communication. Approximately 40–70% of T. vaginalis strains harbor a double-stranded RNA virus called Trichomonasvirus (TVV). Naked TVV particles have the potential to stimulate a proinflammatory response in human cells, however, the mode of TVV release from trichomonads to the environment is not clear. In this report, we showed for the first time that TVV particles are released from T. vaginalis cells within sEVs. The sEVs loaded with TVV stimulated a higher proinflammatory response of human HaCaT cells in comparison to sEVs from TVV negative parasites. Moreover, a comparison of T. vaginalis isogenic TVV plus and TVV minus clones revealed a significant impact of TVV infection on the sEV proteome and RNA cargo. Small EVs from TVV positive trichomonads contained 12 enriched and 8 unique proteins including membrane-associated BspA adhesine, and about a 2.5-fold increase in the content of small regulatory tsRNA. As T. vaginalis isolates are frequently infected with TVV, the release of TVV via sEVs to the environment represents an important factor with the potential to enhance inflammation-related pathogenesis during trichomoniasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Stranded RNA Viruses Are Released From Trichomonas vaginalis Inside Small Extracellular Vesicles and Modulate the Exosomal Cargo

et al. 2022

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“…It is believed that inflammation within the prostate is a catalyst factor later on for the occurrence of cancer. Infection with the parasite in men aged 15-40 years is often without symptoms, and there is a relationship between infection with Trichomonas vaginalis at an early age, a high percentage of antibodies, and the presence of chronic nonaccidental infections, which if left untreated will reach the prostate and cause cancer [6,29,33].…”

Section: Cancer and Trichomonas Vaginalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Petrous Apex: A Report of an Atypical Case

Riyadh¹

2022

BIJBNT

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There are many pathogens in the reproductive system in both women and men, which are largely responsible for the death of thousands of women as a result of incorrect diagnosis and failure to treat diseases of the reproductive system such as uterine cancer, ectopic pregnancy, acute and chronic infections of the uterus and Fallopian tubes, puerperal infections, and in the event that the patient survived death. These diseases have bad effects, including infertility, miscarriage, fetal death, birth of low-weight fetuses, fetal blindness, pneumonia, and mental retardation. These diseases are transmitted through the mucous membranes during vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse with a person who is infected or passed from mother to fetus. Wrong sexual behaviors also lead to the acquisition of genital infections. The incidence of reproductive system diseases in women is 50%, especially at an early age, compared to 25% for men, and affects them more severely. According to studies, two-thirds of cases of sexually transmitted diseases are obtained in their teens or twenties. There is limited access to health care for women infected with these diseases in developing countries, as health care is often provided in these countries through a range of services for individuals, family planning clinics, reproductive health centers, and public hospitals. However, in developing countries, untrained people provide treatment without accurate diagnosis of the disease, which increases the exacerbation of sexually transmitted diseases, whereas the situation is much better in developed countries.

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“…In this study, trichomoniasis was found in 0.022% of women with cervical lesions. [9][10][11] Based on these data, the prevalence of trichomoniasis in cervical cancer patients ranged from 0.022% to 87.7%. The first factor that influences the difference in prevalence is demographic differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Trichomoniasis in Cervical Cancer Patients

Ayuning

Risma

Utami

2022

MHSJ

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Backgroud: Trichomoniasis is the most frequent non-viral sexually transmitted disease in the world, and it can lead to persistent HPV infection. Trichomonas vaginalis infection causes damage to the vaginal mucosa, activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins, and production of non-specific oxidants that lead to cervical cancer. This study aims to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis in cervical cancer patients. Methods: This study uses systematic literature review method and uses 10 international journals obtained through machine learning and indexed in Scimago. Journals are screened through PRISMA and have gone through a critical appraisal process.This study took place from April to September 2021. Results: The prevalence of trichomoniasis in cervical cancer patients ranged from 0.022% to 87.7%, according to the findings of this study. The prevalence results vary due to differences in demographics and diagnostic methods used. Statistical analysis of the association between trichomoniasis and cervical cancer varied between significant and insignificant. Differences in the association are influenced by the research design used, diagnostic methods, and sample of the research. Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that the prevalence of trichomoniasis in cervical cancer patients was discovered to be the highest in the study by Ghosh et al. in Kolkata, India (72.6% women with CIN 1, 71.0% women with CIN 2 or CIN 3, and 87.7% women with invasive cancer) and the lowest in the study by Su et al. in Taiwan (0.022%). The association between trichomoniasis and cervical cancer was found to be varied.

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Trichomonas vaginalis as a risk factor for human papillomavirus: a study with women undergoing cervical cancer screening in a northeast region of Brazil

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Double-Stranded RNA Viruses Are Released From Trichomonas vaginalis Inside Small Extracellular Vesicles and Modulate the Exosomal Cargo

Double-Stranded RNA Viruses Are Released From Trichomonas vaginalis Inside Small Extracellular Vesicles and Modulate the Exosomal Cargo

Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Petrous Apex: A Report of an Atypical Case

Prevalence of Trichomoniasis in Cervical Cancer Patients

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