Trichogenic-selenium nanoparticles enhance disease suppressive ability of Trichoderma against downy mildew disease caused by Sclerospora graminicola in pearl millet

Abstract

Trichoderma spp. are well known biocontrol agents used against phytopathogens. In the present work Trichoderma-mediated Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized and extent of downy mildew (DM) disease control in pearl millet (PM) was studied. Six species of Trichoderma namely, T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. atroviride, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum and T. brevicompactum were evaluated in the form of culture filtrate (CF), cell lysate (CL) and crude cell wall (CW) to synthesize SeNPs. All these components produced SeNPs, but CF was significant than CL and CW. The size of SeNPs ranged from 49.5 to 312.5 nm with zeta potential of +3.3 mv to −200 mv. The nanoparticles suppressed the growth, sporulation and zoospore viability of Sclerospora graminicola and these biological activities were inversely proportional to the size of SeNPs. Under greenhouse conditions, application of SeNPs and T. asperellum together enhanced the early plant growth and suppressed DM incidence as compared to their individual application. This study demonstrated the ability of Trichogenic-SeNPs to suppress growth and proliferation of S. graminicola, the incitant of DM of PM and their activity is inversely proportional to size of nanoparticles.

Elicitation of Novel Trichogenic-Lipid Nanoemulsion Signaling Resistance Against Pearl Millet Downy Mildew Disease

“…Later, the leaves were cut into small pieces and petri dishes lined were with a wet double layer of blotter discs and the plates were incubated at 20 • C and 95% relative humidity (RH) in the dark overnight. In the early morning, sporangia produced on the leaves were harvested into sterile distilled water (SDW) and the spore load was adjusted to 4 × 10 4 zoospores mL −1 using a hemocytometer, and used as a source of inoculum, according to Nandini et al [23]. and T. brevicompactum (UP-91: KM100836)) used in the study were collected from the culture collection of the D.O.S in Biotechnology, University of Mysore.…”

Safe nanotechnologies for increasing the effectiveness of environmentally friendly natural agrochemicals

“…Groups of different microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria and yeasts, and plant extracts, are being used to produce NPs . Using this approach, Trichoderma ‐mediated Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized recently and used to control downy mildew disease in pearl millet . The antimicrobial activity of those MNPs seems to occur via: (i) photocatalysis‐absorbed photons leading to the release of superoxide radicals, which cause the death of bacterial, fungal, and viral organisms by oxidation of critical molecular structures; (ii) accumulation and dissipation in the cell membrane, leading to membrane damage and release of cell contents; and (iii) uptake of metallic ions into cells followed by disruption of DNA replication …”

Chemical Residues in Food Grains: The Burning Health Issues in Asian Countries

“…It has been reported that selenium (Se) application decreases Cd uptake [75]. In similar studies, selenium, copper, zinc oxide and many other metallic nanoparticles [92][93][94][95][96][97][98] have been studied in food processing, packaging and preservation against phytopathogens and rodents. The washing with water or soaking in solutions of salt and some chemicals e.g.…”