Trichoderma atroviride enhances phenolic synthesis and cucumber protection against Rhizoctonia solani

Nawrocka, Justyna; Szczech, Magdalena; Małolepsza, Urszula

doi:10.17221/126/2016-pps

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(38 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Among the fungal pathogens of crops, R. solani is devastating and difficult to manage as the fungus develops sclerotia and is difficult to control chemically. The fungus is normally found in low densities in the soil as a saprotrophic and facultative parasite that enables it to infect a broad spectrum of plant species causing serious losses to trees, major grain and vegetable crops including cucurbits, in particular cucumber in both field and greenhouse production ( Val-Moraes, 2015 ; Karimi et al, 2016 ; Justyna et al, 2017 ). Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Seed Endophytes of Domesticated Cucurbits Antagonize Fungal and Oomycete Pathogens Including Powdery Mildew

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cucurbit vegetables, including cucumbers, melons and pumpkins, have been cultivated for thousands of years without fungicides. However, their seed germination stage is prone to be infected by soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens. Endophytes are symbionts that reside inside plant tissues including seeds. Seed endophytes are founders of the juvenile plant microbiome and can promote host defense at seed germination and later stages. We previously isolated 169 bacterial endophytes associated with seeds of diverse cultivated cucurbits. We hypothesized that these endophytes can antagonize major fungal and oomycete pathogens. Here we tested the endophytes for in vitro antagonism (dual culture assays) against important soil-borne pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum). The endophytes were also assayed in planta (leaf disk and detached leaf bioassays) for antagonism against a foliar pathogen of global importance, Podosphaera fuliginea, the causative agent of cucurbit powdery mildew. The endophytes were further tested in vitro for secretion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) known to induce plant defense. Extracellular ribonuclease activity was also tested, as a subset of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins of plant hosts implicated in suppression of fungal pathogens, displays ribonuclease activity. An unexpected majority of the endophytes (70%, 118/169) exhibited antagonism to the five phytopathogens, of which 68% (50/73) of in vitro antagonists belong to the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus. All Lactococcus and Pantoea endophytes exhibited anti-oomycete activity. However, amongst the most effective inoculants against Podosphaera fuliginea were Pediococcus and Pantoea endophytes. Interestingly, 67% (113/169) of endophytes emitted host defense inducing VOCs (acetoin/diacetyl) and 62% (104/169) secreted extracellular ribonucleases in vitro, respectively. These results show that seeds of cultivated cucurbits package microbes with significant disease-suppression potential. As seeds can act as vectors for genetic transmission of endophytes across host generations, it is interesting to hypothesize whether humans, when selecting seeds of healthy hosts, may have inadvertently selected for disease-suppressing seed endophytes. As the majority of pathogen-suppressing endophytes belong to Bacillus and Paenibacillus, and since Bacilli are widely used as commercial biocontrol agents of vegetables, we propose that these agents are mimicking the ecological niche established by their endophytic cousins.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Seed Endophytes of Domesticated Cucurbits Antagonize Fungal and Oomycete Pathogens Including Powdery Mildew

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, in the previous studies, the tested TRS25 strongly stimulated accumulation of hydroxybenzoic acids being precursors of SA as well as other compounds included in the group of salicylates and phenolics (Nawrocka et al., 2017). On the other hand, neither TRS25 nor R. solani influenced the content of JA, its derivatives and ET in cucumber plants, while they significantly increased the generation of other unsaturated fatty acid derivatives including Z-3-hexanal, Z-3-hexenol, and E-2-hexenal, which might play the role of signaling molecules as well (Nawrocka et al., 2017, 2018). The present results indicated that the systemic defense responses essential to decrease disease incidence, observed in TRS25 + Rs plants, largely depended on SA biosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Nitric Oxide as a Beneficial Signaling Molecule in Trichoderma atroviride TRS25-Induced Systemic Defense Responses of Cucumber Plants Against Rhizoctonia solani

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, Trichoderma atroviride TRS25 is presented as a biological control agent, which significantly limits the development of infection and reduces the disease caused by the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani in cucumber plants ( Cucumis sativus L.). The systemic disease suppression is related to oxidative, signaling, and biochemical changes, that are triggered in response to a pathogen. Induction of systemic defense in cucumber by TRS25 greatly depends on the accumulation of signaling molecules including hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as salicylic acid (SA) and its derivatives including methyl salicylate (MeSA) and octyl salicylate (OSA). The study established that NO was accumulated in leaves and shoots of the cucumber plants, especially those pretreated with Trichoderma and inoculated with R. solani , where the compound was accumulated mainly in the cells localized in the vascular bundles and in epidermal tissues. We suggest, for the first time, that in the plants pretreated with TRS25, the accumulation of H 2 O 2 and NO may be related to catalase (CAT) and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activity decrease. On the other hand, excessive accumulation of NO and SA may be controlled by forming their inactive forms, S-nitrosothiols (SNO) and salicylic acid glucosylated conjugates (SAGC), respectively. The obtained results suggest that the mentioned molecules may be an important component of the complex signaling network activated by TRS25, which is positively involved in systemic defense responses of cucumber plants against R. solani .

show abstract

“…El género Trichoderma contiene a las especies antagonistas más relevantes, capaces de controlar un amplio número de hongos que afectan a las plantas de interés agrícola (Romero-Arenas et al, 2017). El éxito y su uso en la agricultura se debe a sus mecanismos de acción como la competencia por espacio, micoparasitismo, antibiosis y la producción de compuestos volátiles (Nawrocka et al, 2018;Hernández-Melchor et al, 2019). En consecuencia, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: 1) identificar y caracterizar morfológicamente a nivel género aislados fúngicos asociados a un cultivo de fresa de la variedad Camino Real en Atlixco Puebla, México y 2) determinar la capacidad antagónica y el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento radial in vitro de la cepa T-H4 de Trichoderma harzianum contra los hongos aislados del cultivo de fresa.…”

Section: Fully Bilingualunclassified

Characterization of strawberry associated fungi and in vitro antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum

Morales-Mora¹,

Andrade-Hoyos²,

Ita³

et al. 2020

RMF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

México es el tercer productor de fresa a nivel mundial, donde la producción de este cultivo es de importancia económica y generación de divisas en el pais. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar y caracterizar morfológicamente los hongos asociados a enfermedades en un cultivo de la fresa, así como determinar la capacidad antagónica in vitro de la cepa T-H4 de Trichoderma harzianum con los hongos identificados. Se colectaron muestras de plantas del cultivo de fresa con síntomas de enfermedades fúngicas, se sembraron en medio PDA y se generaron cultivos monospóricos para su caracterización morfológica. Los hongos identificados y la cepa T-H4 se confrontaron mediante cultivos duales. Se identificaron tres hongos asociados al fruto (A. niger, Colletotrichum sp. y R. stolonifer), tres en hojas y tallo (Pestalotiopsis sp., Curvularia sp. y Alternaria sp.) y dos hongos asociados a la raíz (Rhizoctonia sp. y Fusarium sp.). La cepa T-H4 presentó un nivel antagónico adecuado para Colletotrichum sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Alternaria sp., Rhizoctonia sp. y Curvularia sp., in vitro. Se sugiere realizar evaluaciones de control biológico con estos aislamientos en invernadero y a campo abierto, así como determinar su patogenicidad.

show abstract

Trichoderma atroviride enhances phenolic synthesis and cucumber protection against Rhizoctonia solani

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Bacterial Seed Endophytes of Domesticated Cucurbits Antagonize Fungal and Oomycete Pathogens Including Powdery Mildew

Bacterial Seed Endophytes of Domesticated Cucurbits Antagonize Fungal and Oomycete Pathogens Including Powdery Mildew

Nitric Oxide as a Beneficial Signaling Molecule in Trichoderma atroviride TRS25-Induced Systemic Defense Responses of Cucumber Plants Against Rhizoctonia solani

Characterization of strawberry associated fungi and in vitro antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About