Trends of two decadal precipitation chemistry in a subtropical rainforest in East Asia

Chang, Chih-Hsiung; Wang, Chiao‐Ping; Huang, Jr‐Chuan; Wang, Lih-Jih; Liu, Chiung-Pin; Lin, Teng-Chiu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.158

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Based on monitoring and simulations for northern Taiwan, where our study forest is located, this region is projected to become wetter (Chen, Kuo, & Yu, ; Hsu & Chen, ). Air temperature at the FEF is decreasing and the number of rain days is increasing, although annual precipitation shows no increasing trend (Chang, Wang, Huang, Wang, et al, ). Thus, drought stress may be alleviated such that trading nutrients for minimizing water stress may no longer be as advantageous as it is now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean monthly precipitation was more than 100 mm even in the driest months (January to April; Martin, ). The annual mean temperature was 18.1°C with a low monthly average of 11.7°C in January and a maximum of 24.1°C in July (Chang et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bulk precipitation was collected using three pairs of collectors mounted on top of a 6‐m tower in a forest clearing (Lin, Hamburg, King, & Hsia, ). Each pair, consisting of two 20‐cm‐diameter funnels, was connected with polypropylene tubing to a 30‐L plastic bucket on the ground (Chang, Wang, Huang, Wang, et al, ; Lin et al, ). To collect stemflow both before and after passing through the selected epiphytes, we designed a stemflow collection system that collected, distributed, and recollected stemflow (Figure ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediation of stemflow water and nutrient availabilities by epiphytes growing above other epiphytes in a subtropical forest

et al. 2019

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Stemflow is the most importance source of water and nutrients to epiphytes growing on tree stems that lack access to canopy soils. Many host trees are inhabited by a large number of epiphyte species, often growing in close proximity. The nutrient and water relationships among such co‐occurring epiphytes are largely unknown. We examined stemflow quality and quantity before and after passing through a substrate‐forming epiphyte, Asplenium nidus, and two nonsubstrate‐forming epiphytes, Haplopteris flexuosa and Liparis nakaharai, in a subtropical rainforest in Taiwan. The results indicate that stemflow quantity decreased after passing through these epiphytes. The magnitude of decreases was large for H. flexuosa (63%) and L. nakaharai (74%) but minor for A. nidus (5.6%), possibly because the vertical leaves of the latter collected throughfall, compensating for the water they retained. There was an overall decrease in stemflow ion concentrations after passing through A. nidus, likely due to greater retention than leaching of ions, but an overall increase after passing through L. nakaharai and H. flexuosa, possibly the result of greater leaching than retention. Our results indicate that epiphytes growing under A. nidus received more stemflow with few nutrients and those growing under the two nonsubstrate‐forming epiphytes received less stemflow but with more nutrients. Currently, the growth of epiphytes is limited by water at the study site, so that Asplenium provides favourable microhabitat for epiphytes growing below. If climate change lead to drier conditions, substrate‐forming epiphytes could become oases in the forest canopy desert and attract more epiphytes to grow underneath.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediation of stemflow water and nutrient availabilities by epiphytes growing above other epiphytes in a subtropical forest

et al. 2019

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“…The FRW region is characterized by a humid subtropical climate. The mean annual precipitation is 3765 mm between 1991 and 2001 (Chen et al, 2006), with approximately 68 % occurring between May and September (Chang and Wen, 1997). However, due to the rough topography, precipitation is highly variable, ranging from 3500 mm in the southwest portion of the FRW to more than 5000 mm in the northeast during 2001-2010.…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the FRW is a water resource protection area, agricultural activities are limited to pre-existing agriculture lands, mostly tea plantations (1200 ha). Tea plantations comprise approximately 15.8 % of the FRW (Chang and Wen, 1997;Chou et al, 2007). Fertilizer applications are heavy in the tea plantations, reaching 786 kg-N ha −1 yr −1 (Lin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts in stream hydrochemistry in responses to typhoon and non-typhoon precipitation

Chang¹,

Huang²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Climate change is projected to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme climatic events such as tropical cyclones. However, few studies have examined the responses of hydrochemical processes to climate extremes. To fill this knowledge gap, we compared the relationship between stream discharge and ion input-output budget during typhoon and non-typhoon periods in four subtropical mountain watersheds with different levels of agricultural land cover in northern Taiwan. The results indicated that the high predictability of ion input-output budgets using stream discharge during the non-typhoon period largely disappeared during the typhoon periods. For ions such as Na + , NH + 4 , and PO 3− 4 , the typhoon period and non-typhoon period exhibited opposite discharge-budget relationships. In other cases, the discharge-budget relationship was driven by the typhoon period, which consisted of only 7 % of the total time period. The striking differences in the discharge-ion budget relationship between the two periods likely resulted from differences in the relative contributions of surface runoff, subsurface runoff and groundwater, which had different chemical compositions, to stream discharge between the two periods. Watersheds with a 17-22 % tea plantation cover showed large increases in NO − 3 export with increases in stream discharge. In contrast, watersheds with 93-99 % forest cover showed very mild or no increases in NO − 3 export with increases in discharge and very low levels of NO − 3 export even during typhoon storms. The results suggest that even mild disruption of the natural vegetation could largely alter hydrochemical processes. Our study clearly illustrates significant shifts in hydrochemical responses between regular and typhoon precipitation. We propose that hydrological models should separate hydrochemical processes into regular and extreme conditions to better capture the whole spectrum of hydrochemical responses to a variety of climate conditions.

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Prevalent arbuscular mycorrhizae in roots and highly variable mycobiome in leaves of epiphytic subtropical fern Ophioderma pendulum

Xie,

Kuo,

Chang

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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PremiseEndophytic and mycorrhizal fungi are crucial in facilitating plant nutrition acquisition and stress tolerance. In epiphytic habitats, plants face nutrition and water stress, but their roots are mostly nonmycorrhizal and especially lacking in arbuscular mycorrhizal associations. Ophioderma pendulum is an epiphytic fern with a partially mycoheterotrophic lifestyle, likely heavily reliant on symbiotic fungi. To characterize fungal associations in the sporophyte of O. pendulum, we focused on leaves and roots of O. pendulum, seeking to reveal the fungal communities in these organs.MethodsRoots and leaves from O. pendulum in a subtropical forest were examined microscopically to observe the morphology of fungal structures and determine the percentage of various fungal structures in host tissues. Fungal composition was profiled using metabarcoding techniques that targeted ITS2 of the nuclear ribosomal DNA.ResultsRoots were consistently colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota), especially Acaulospora. Unlike previous findings on epiphytic ferns, dark septate endophytes were rare in O. pendulum roots. Leaves were predominantly colonized by Ascomycota fungi, specifically the classes Dothideomycetes (46.88%), Eurotiomycetes (11.51%), Sordariomycetes (6.23%), and Leotiomycetes (6.14%). Across sampling sites, fungal community compositions were similar in the roots but differed significantly in the leaves.ConclusionsOphioderma pendulum maintains stable, single‐taxon‐dominant communities in the roots, primarily featuring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, whereas the leaves may harbor opportunistic fungal colonizers. Our study underlines the significance of mycorrhizal fungi in the adaptation of epiphytic ferns.

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Trends of two decadal precipitation chemistry in a subtropical rainforest in East Asia

Cited by 35 publications

References 59 publications

Mediation of stemflow water and nutrient availabilities by epiphytes growing above other epiphytes in a subtropical forest

Mediation of stemflow water and nutrient availabilities by epiphytes growing above other epiphytes in a subtropical forest

Shifts in stream hydrochemistry in responses to typhoon and non-typhoon precipitation

Prevalent arbuscular mycorrhizae in roots and highly variable mycobiome in leaves of epiphytic subtropical fern Ophioderma pendulum

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