TREND in energy-aware adaptive routing solutions

Idzikowski, Filip; Bonetto, Edoardo; Chiaraviglio, Luca; Cianfrani, Antonio; Coiro, Angelo; Duque, Raul; Jimenez, Felipe; Rouzic, Esther Le; Musumeci, Francesco; Heddeghem, Ward Van; Vizcaíno, Jorge López; Ye, Yabin

doi:10.1109/mcom.2013.6658659

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…8). Other actual traffic matrices showing this daily variation can be found in [81] (France Telecom network), [93] (anonymized), and [94] (showing the interesting fact that European network traffic reaches lower off-peak values compared to U.S. traffic). The aggregated traffic in the core can be approximated by 15 In contrast with the IP equipment, for OLAs and WDM terminals we don't downward adjust the savings reported by [20] in Table X, as they are not so sensitive to a lifetime parameter as is the case with the IP equipment.…”

Section: E Power Rating P/c (Part Ii)mentioning

confidence: 98%

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A Quantitative Survey of the Power Saving Potential in IP-Over-WDM Backbone Networks

Heddeghem

Lannoo

Colle

et al. 2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Abstract-The power consumption in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) networks is growing year by year; this growth presents challenges from a technical, economic and environmental point of view. This has lead to a great number of research publications on 'green' telecommunication networks. In response, a number of survey works have appeared as well. However, with respect to backbone networks most survey works (a) do not allow for an easy cross-validation of the savings reported in the various works, (b) nor do they provide a clear overview of the individual and combined power saving potential. Therefore, in this work we survey the reported saving potential in IP-over-WDM backbone telecommunication networks across the existing body of research in that area. We do this by mapping more than 10 different approaches to a concise analytical model, which allows us to estimate the combined power reduction potential. Our estimates indicate that the power reduction potential of the once-only approaches is 2.3× in a Moderate Effort scenario and 31× in a Best Effort scenario. Factoring in the historic and projected yearly efficiency improvements ("Moore's law") roughly doubles both values on a 10-year horizon. The large difference between the outcome of the Moderate Effort and Best Effort scenario is explained by the disparity and lack of clarity of the reported saving results, and by our (partly) subjective assessment of the feasibility of the proposed approaches. The Moderate Effort scenario will not be sufficient to counter the projected traffic growth, although the Best Effort scenario indicates that sufficient potential is likely available. The largest isolated power reduction potential is available in improving the power associated with cooling and power provisioning, and applying sleep modes to overdimensioned equipment.

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Section: E Power Rating P/c (Part Ii)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The current off-peak traffic is estimated by [78] at α = 0.25, which corresponds to maximum theoretical savings of 38%. The sine curve has been phase shifted to approximate the traffic curve from [81] with a minimum around 5am.…”

Section: E Power Rating P/c (Part Ii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Survey of the Power Saving Potential in IP-Over-WDM Backbone Networks

Heddeghem

Lannoo

Colle

et al. 2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

Self Cite

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“…The Towards Real Energy-efficient Network Design (TREND) project investigated the energy efficiency of the electrical and optical layers of Internet Protocol over wavelength-division multiplexing (IP-over-WDM) networks [17]. The project also proposed energy-aware adaptive routing solutions (EA-ARSs) for the network operators.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greening the NetFPGA Reference Router

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Energy efficiency is an important criterion in the design of next generation networks for both economic and environmental concerns. This paper presents an energy-efficient router that is able to dynamically adapt its routing capability in response to real-time traffic load, achieving energy proportional routing. The NetFPGA reference router, which operates at one of two frequencies (125 MHz or 62.5 MHz), requires a board reset to switch frequencies. We have modified the reference router to allow dynamic switching among five operating frequencies. Experiments with real traces indicate that, compared to the reference router, a 10% power reduction can be achieved through dynamic frequency scaling. When the router is further modified to support green traffic engineering and Ethernet port shut-down, power consumption can be reduced by 46% while maintaining the required quality of service. This allows the router to meet the instantaneous performance requirements while minimizing power dissipation. Similar results can be expected when these general power-saving principles are applied in future commercial routers.

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“…2. In future deployments we might see new equipment and techniques that improve power proportionality, such as bit rate variable transponders and power aware routing schemes that increase the potential for sleeping interfaces [10]. In anticipation of these developments, we can think of four other approaches that could keep core networks running under post-peak power reductions.…”

Section: Core Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-peak ICT: graceful degradation for communication networks in an energy constrained future

et al. 2015

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In recent years, rising energy prices and increasing environmental concerns have boosted research in the so-called green information and communications technology (ICT) and green networking research tracks, aimed at improving the energy efficiency of communications while still offering maximal functionality. In this paper we explore a future scenario in which low power networking is no longer optional, but instead becomes a necessity due to fluctuating energy availability. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, we argue why a so-called post-peak future scenario -in which we can no longer rely on fossil fuels as our main resource for electricity production -is not unlikely, and what it might entail. Second, we explore the consequences of such a scenario for ICT: how well can current and future infrastructures cope with temporary energy limitations? As an illustration, we present a case study showing the impact of reduced energy availability on a wireless access network.

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TREND in energy-aware adaptive routing solutions

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

A Quantitative Survey of the Power Saving Potential in IP-Over-WDM Backbone Networks

A Quantitative Survey of the Power Saving Potential in IP-Over-WDM Backbone Networks

Greening the NetFPGA Reference Router

Post-peak ICT: graceful degradation for communication networks in an energy constrained future

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