Trellis code‐aided high‐rate M‐QAM space‐time labeling diversity using a unitary expansion

Abstract

Summary In this paper, we present a high‐rate M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M‐QAM) space‐time labeling diversity (STLD) system that retains the robust error performance of the conventional STLD system. The high‐rate STLD is realised by expanding the conventional STLD via a unitary matrix transformation. Robust error performance of the high‐rate STLD is achieved by incorporating trellis coding into the mapping of additional bits to high‐rate codes. The comparison of spectral efficiency between the proposed trellis code‐aided high‐rate STLD (TC‐STLD) and the conventional STLD shows that TC‐STLD with 16‐QAM and 64‐QAM respectively achieves a 12.5% and 8.3% increase in spectral efficiency for each additional bit sent with the transmitted high‐rate codeword. Moreover, we derive an analytical bound to predict the average bit error probability performance of TC‐STLD over Rayleigh frequency‐flat fading channels. The analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulation results, which show that the derived analytical bounds closely predict the average bit error probability performance at high signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNR). Simulation results also show that TC‐STLD with 1 additional bit achieves an insignificant SNR gain of approximately 0.05 dB over the conventional STLD, while TC‐STLD with 2 additional bits achieves an SNR gain of approximately 0.12 dB.

Performance analysis of M‐ary amplitude and phase shift keying uncoded space‐time labeling diversity with three transmit antennas in nonlinear Rician channels

“…Uncoded space-time labeling diversity (USTLD) is an MIMO scheme that achieves improved error performance gain over Alamouti space-time block codes. 23 The majority of transmission scheme applied for USTLD both in coded [24][25][26][27] and uncoded modulation [28][29][30][31][32] has been M-QAM constellation. A new mapper design using heuristic algorithm for USTLD in Nakagami-q fading channel has been proposed for APSK digital broadcasting.…”

Deep Learning-Based Wireless Channel Estimation for MIMO Uncoded Space-Time Labeling Diversity

“…They show that the SSD USTLD scheme outperforms the USTLD BER performance. Trellis code aided high rate space-time labeling diversity (TC-STLD) is proposed in [7] to deliver superior spectral efficiency whilst maintaining the BER performance, relative to that of USTLD. In [8], the authors investigate USTLD in a three transmit antenna MIMO configuration as the other USTLD research has only been carried out in a two transmit antenna MIMO configuration.…”

USTLD mapper design for APSK constellations over satellite links

“…The most common modulation scheme applied in many of the proposed labelling diversity systems, whether coded or uncoded, has been M‐ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (MQAM). However, it is well accepted that circular constellations are more suited for satellite links than square or rectangular ones.…”